Most Down Articles

Published in last 1 year | In last 2 years| In last 3 years| All| Most Downloaded in Recent Month | Most Downloaded in Recent Year|

In last 3 years

Please wait a minute...


For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails

Select

China Alzheimer Report 2024 WANG Gang, QI Jinlei, LIU Xinya, REN Rujing, LIN Shaohui, HU Yisong, LI Haixia, XIE Xinyi, WANG Jintao, LI Jianping, ZHU Yikang, GAO Mengyi, YANG Junjie, WANG Yiran, JING Yurong, GENG Jieli, ZHI Nan, CAO Wenwei, XU Qun, YU Xiaoping, ZHU Yuan, ZHOU Ying, WANG Lin, GAO Chao, LI Binyin, CHEN Shengdi, YUAN Fang, DOU Ronghua, LIU Xiaoyun, LI Xuena, YIN Yafu, CHANG Yan, XU Gang, XIN Jiawei, ZHONG Yanting, LI Chunbo, WANG Ying, ZHOU Maigeng, CHEN Xiaochun, representing the China Alzheimer's Disease Report Writing Group Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2024, 23 (03): 219-256.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.03.001 Abstract （19474）   HTML （1499）    PDF（pc） （3389KB）（16983）       Knowledge map    Save With the sustained growth of economy and significant changes in social demographics, the issue of elderly-related diseases has increasingly drawn attention particularly. Alzheimer's disease (AD),as a representative disease of neurodegenerative diseases has become a major challenge, affecting the health and quality of life among the elderly population severely. In recent years, the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rate of AD increase in China, imposing substantial economic burdens on families, society, and the entire healthcare system. To proactively address this challenge and respond to the national 'Healthy China Action' initiative, leading experts from Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,and Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control Center, Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Fujian Medical University, and other authoritative institutions, have jointly authored the 'China Alzheimer Disease Report 2024'. Building upon previous editions of 2021, 2022, and 2023, this report updates epidemiological data on AD in China, thoroughly analyzes the latest economic burdens of the disease, and comprehensively evaluates the current status of AD diagnosis and treatment services, as well as the allocation of public health resources in our country. The release of the 'China Alzheimer Disease Report 2024' not only reflects China's progress and efforts in AD research and prevention, but also underscores the social heightened concern for elderly health issues. It aims to provide scientific and technical guidance and robust data support for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of AD, offering a professional basis for the government and relevant departments to formulate targeted health policies and intervention measures. Furthermore, it serves as a platform for promoting academic exchanges and cooperation in this field domestically and internationally. Through the dissemination and application of this report, we anticipate it will not only serve as a reference for professionals but also enhance public awareness of AD, promote active participation across various sectors of society, and jointly advance the development of elderly health care in China, empowering us towards achieving 'healthy aging'. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Interpretation of clinical practice guidelines for myelodysplastic syndrome (version 1, 2023) of National Comprehensive Cancer Nerwork(NCCN) SONG Luqian, CHANG Chunkang Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (02): 116-120.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.02.002 Abstract （1025）   HTML （34）    PDF（pc） （904KB）（8492）       Knowledge map    Save Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a diverse and common group of myeloid malignant clonal diseases in the hematologic system, with different classification and grouping, clinical manifestations and natural course, and the iteration of different classification systems and versions in history, resulting distress in the correct diagnosis, classification and treatment options. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) released the first version （2023） of Clinical Practice Guidelines for MDS in September 2022. The guideline is based on the clinical practice and standards of high-level evidence and the latest research progress, and its attracts wide attention from clinicians worldwide. Currently, many clinicians in China have insufficient understanding of MDS, and there is still a certain gap with the international diagnosis and treatment level of MDS. This paper interprets the content of the new guidelines, and compares it with the previous guidelines, in order to provide a reference for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of MDS at the current stage in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Chinese interpretation of Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines 2021 (6th edition) and Ruijin clinical practice YAN Chao, LU Sheng, YAN Min, ZHU Zhenggang Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice    2023, 28 (04): 326-354.   DOI: 10.16139/j.1007-9610.2023.04.010 Abstract （1978）   HTML （38）    PDF（pc） （4954KB）（8375）       Knowledge map    Save “Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines” have been important guidelines for the treatment of gastric cancer in Japan and worldwide. The English version “Japanese Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines 2021 (6th Edition)” published in January 2023 consists of two parts. The first part includes diagnostic and treatment methods, such as surgery, endoscopic resection, chemotherapy, follow-up. The second part addresses clinical issues, including recommendations and explanations for clinical hot topics. This article will provide a Chinese interpretation of the guidelines and briefly introduce our hospital's clinical practice in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Interpretation on the report of global stroke data 2022 TANG Chunhua, GUO Lu, LI Qiong, ZHANG Lili Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (03): 238-246.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.03.06 Abstract （7817）   HTML （304）    PDF（pc） （2270KB）（7662）       Knowledge map    Save In 2022, the World Stroke Organization released two new reports regarding global stroke statistics in the International Journal of Stroke. The reports updated the global incidence and mortality of stroke, evaluated the effects of gender and geographic factors, and provided updated statistics on attributable risk factors associated with stroke. This article briefly interprets the two reports in the context of stroke prevalence and disease burden in China. 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study findings show that stroke remains the second-leading cause of death and the third-leading cause of death and disability combined in the world. From 1990 to 2019, the burden (in terms of the absolute number of cases) increased substantially, with the bulk of the global stroke burden residing in lower-income and lower-middle-income countries. Moreover, people under 70-year-old were observed to have significant increases in stroke prevalence and incidence. The five major risks for stroke globally include high systolic blood pressure, high body mass index, high fasting glucose, environmental particulate matter pollution, and smoking. Stroke prevention and treatment in China are facing great challenges. Stroke has become the leading cause of death and disability among Chinese adults, as well as the leading cause of disability adjusted life year lost. The incidence, prevalence and mortality of stroke in China are geographically high in the north, low in the south and prominent in the central part of the country; the prevalence is higher in rural areas than that in urban areas; the morbidity and mortality rates are higher in men than those in women; the average age of onset is lower than in developed countries; the overall disease burden of ischemic stroke is on the rise, but that of hemorrhagic stroke is on the decline. The awareness of stroke prevention and treatment was low. In conclusion, it is of strategic importance to actively establish a graded stroke prevention and control system that meets the national conditions. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Interpretation of Multiple Myeloma Guidelines update (version 2， 2023) of National Comprehensive Cancer Network （NCCN） TAO Yi, MI Jianqing Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (02): 121-126.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.02.003 Abstract （2765）   HTML （80）    PDF（pc） （1042KB）（7363）       Knowledge map    Save Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy. With the continuous advent of new drugs, the survival of MM patients has been significantly improved, with a median survival of 7-10 years. However, the overall survival of high-risk MM patients is still less than 3 years, and extending the survival of high-risk MM has always been a hot topic in this field. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) released the 2nd version of the MM guidelines for 2023 (2023. v2). Compared with the 5th edition of the MM guidelines for 2022, the update of this guideline in diagnosis is mainly reflected in the detailed description of high-risk MM in tabular form, including both cytogenetic high-risk factors containing 1q21 gain/amplification and clinical high-risk factors, such as extramedullary disease, renal failure and weakness. In terms of treatment, the updated guideline still emphasizes the importance of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the era of new drugs, and indicates that the judgment of whether patients are suitable for transplantation needs to be dynamically adjusted based on the patients’ condition after initial treatment. 2023. v2 upgrades the recommendation of the new generation proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib in initial induction and CD38 monoclonal antibody in maintenance therapy. The combinations of these new drugs with immunomodulatory drug pomalidomide are also listed as the preferred regimens in relapsed patients. The diagnostic techniques for distinguishing high-risk MM and new drugs recommended in the updated guideline are currently available in China, Which greatly enhanc our confidence in the “clinical cure” of MM. A comprehensive interpretation of the 2023. v2 of the guidelines is expected to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic level of clinicians, and further improve the prognosis of China’s MM patient population, especially high-risk patients. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Evaluation of facial injection filling materials for medical aesthetics ZHAO Chenyu, LI Chongchong, SUN Xue, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2023, 19 (5): 517-.   Abstract （638）      PDF（pc） （874KB）（7103）       Knowledge map    Save With economic development and technological progress, the demand for medical aesthetics has increased sig nificantly, and medical biomaterials are widely used. It is necessary to further improve the evaluation of their effectiveness and safety. At present, the evaluation of its physicochemical properties and biology is adopted in China. However, the clinical effec tiveness is a multi-faceted evaluation without unified criteria. Most of the evaluation mainly adopts objective indicators for quan titative analysis, while subjective feelings are secondary criteria. In this paper, the main facial fillers and the evaluation methods of their physicochemical properties were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Interpretation of the 2022 edition of “guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis in China” XU Bojin, PENG Wenfang, HUANG Shan Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice    2023, 28 (06): 512-519.   DOI: 10.16139/j.1007-9610.2023.06.05 Abstract （2326）   HTML （27）    PDF（pc） （889KB）（7093）       Knowledge map    Save “Guidelines for diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis in China” (2022) (referred to as the “guidelines”) was officially published in August 2022 in the Chinese Journal of Endocrine Metabolism. These guidelines have been extensively updated from the 2007 version, with 15 sections covering the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyperthyroidism, as well as the management of specific types of thyrotoxicosis. The new version guidelines proposed 107 recommended opinions supported by stronger evidence, offering comprehensive and reliable guidance for clinical doctors and medical professionals dealing with thyrotoxicosis. This article aimed to extract the key points and recommended strategies from the guidelines to help clinical doctors better understand and apply the latest guiding principles. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Interpretation of the Global Tuberculosis Report 2022 by World Health Organization LIANG Chen, YU Jiajia, TANG Shenjie Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (01): 21-30.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.01.004 Abstract （2228）   HTML （59）    PDF（pc） （1105KB）（6665）       Knowledge map    Save Global Tuberculosis Report 2022 (hereafter referred to as “report”), newly published by the World Health Organization (WHO), states that the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the tuberculosis (TB) disease burden and severely affected global TB prevention and control. In 2021, WHO approved a total of six molecular diagnostic technologies for TB diagnosis and anti-TB drug resistance detection, and three new TB antigen-based skin tests for TB screening were recommended. To reduce the burden on patients and the health system, WHO recommends a 4-month regimen for drug-susceptible TB and four shorter regimens for the treatment of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB). In addition, there were 26 drugs for TB treatment in clinical trials, and at least 22 clinical trials evaluating drugs and drug regimens for TB treatment were underway. In 2021， the TB epidemic remains severe in China, with the number of newly diagnosed cases ranking third among the 30 countries. In 2021, a total of 639 548 TB cases and 1 763 deaths were reported nationwide, with an incidence of 45.37/100 000 and a mortality of 0.13/100 000. China has the fourth largest number of MDR/RR-TB patients in the world. However, it is necessary to verify whether the regimens for MDR/RR-TB treatment recommended by WHO are suitable for patients in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

DNA methylation detection assists early screening and diagnosis of tumors LIU Yifei Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (04): 393-401.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.04.011 Abstract （2057）   HTML （44）    PDF（pc） （1010KB）（6274）       Knowledge map    Save DNA methylation is one of the most widely used indicator for early cancer screening. Under the influence of carcinogens, hypermethylation of the promoter region of tumor suppressor genes may lead to downregulation or silencing of gene expression, thereby activating the expression of proto-oncogenes and promoting tumorigenesis. The samples used for DNA methylation detection are mainly exfoliated cells, blood samples and paraffin-embedded tissues. Commonly used detection methods include: methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), nucleic acid mass spectrometry, methylation chip, bisulfite sequencing, next-generation sequencing, etc. Compared with mutation detection, the advantages of DNA methylation detection are that it has higher tumor specificity, more detectable sites, higher signal quality, and can achieve tissue traceability. Currently, it is mainly used clinically for medication guidance for brain glioma, aid in diagnosis and high-risk triage for lung cancer, high-risk triage and recurrence monitoring for bladder cancer, high-risk triage for cervical cancer, and early screening and recurrence monitoring for colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. Before large-scale clinical routine application, accurately positioning of the application scenarios for DNA methylation detection must be considered. For well-tolerated endoscopy, the rigid need of DNA methylation detection for high-risk triage may be reduced. DNA methylation detection plays an important role in assisting in the diagnosis of tumors with low pathological diagnosis sensitivity, tumor monitoring and prognosis assessment. With the standardization of testing procedures and quality management, DNA methylation detection will be more widely used to improve the early screening and diagnostic sensitivity of tumors. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Ekphrasis in the Oral Tradition: The Mongolian Epic as an Example A Jingsi Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies    2023, 23 (5): 185-192.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2023.05.019 Abstract （387）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （1431KB）（6025）       Knowledge map    Save Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

The fifth edition of WHO classification of digestive system tumors: update and progress on biliary system tumors LUO Fangxiu, MA Qianchen, YUAN Fei Journal of Surgery Concepts & Practice    2023, 28 (02): 124-131.   DOI: 10.16139/j.1007-9610.2023.02.08 Abstract （1565）   HTML （27）    PDF（pc） （3365KB）（5582）       Knowledge map    Save Overall, there was little change in biliary system tumors of the 5th edition of WHO classification of digestive system tumors after update. The three-tiered classification of biliary intraepithelial neoplasia changed to two-tiered system: high-grade and low-grade, in the section of benign tumors and precancerous lesions. And both intracholecystic and intraductal papillary tumors associated with invasive carcinoma were added. The classification of intrahepatic bile duct tumors introduced parts of bile duct adenoma and bile duct adenofibroma, which were mentioned previously in the differential diagnosis with bile duct carcinoma. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was divided into small bile duct subtype and large bile duct subtype in the 5th edition of WHO classification, and the names of cholangiocellular carcinoma and cholangiole cell carcinoma were no longer recommended to use. Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was listed as a separate part for the first time, including squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma in addition to common histological types. Some new contents of molecular pathology in the 5th edition of WHO classification were added, which provided the basis for precise classification and diagnosis of tumors in biliary system. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Summary and interpretation of the World Health Organization “Global Report on Hypertension” ZHANG Dongyan, LI Yan Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2024, 23 (03): 297-304.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.03.007 Abstract （3029）   HTML （78）    PDF（pc） （945KB）（5581）       Knowledge map    Save In 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) released the first document of “Global report on hypertension—The race against a silent killer”. which covers the global prevalence and management of hypertension, analyzes the mortality and disease burden caused by hypertension, explores the risk factors for hypertension, evaluates the cost-effectiveness of blood pressure treatment, and presents successful examples of hypertension management in many countries, especially the global implementation of the WHO-launched HEARTS project for hypertension control. Hypertension is a significant global public health challenge with severe health implications. Over the past 30 years, the number of people with hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication) has doubled, rising from 650 million in 1990 to 1.3 billion in 2019. Among the global hypertensive population aged 30-79, approximately 54% have been diagnosed, of which 42% are receiving antihypertensive treatment, and only 21% have controlled blood pressure. In 2019, elevated systolic pressure was responsible for over half of cardiovascular disease deaths globally. Increasing the global hypertension control rate to 50% could prevent 76 million deaths from 2023 to 2050. Population-level risk factors for hypertension include high salt and low potassium intake, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and air pollution. WHO advocates for the prevention and control of hypertension through measures such as reducing dietary sodium intake, increasing potassium intake, limiting alcohol consumption, quitting smoking, increasing physical activity, and improving air quality. In terms of treatment, WHO guidelines recommend antihypertensive medication for individuals with systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. For specific populations, it is also recommended to start antihypertensive treatment when systolic blood pressure is between 130-139 mmHg. The use of single-pill combination therapy is also advised to improve adherence and persistence in treatment. The prevalence and management of hypertension in China are also noteworthy. Hypertension is a major cause of mortality and disease burden in the Chinese population. By learning from global successes in hypertension management, China can enhance its efforts in the prevention, control, and monitoring of hypertension, particularly by promoting the application of the HEARTS technical package to improve hypertension management. This report aims to draw attention to major non-communicable diseases, particularly hypertension, as a public health challenge. Through detailed data analysis and successful case studies, the report underscores the importance of hypertension prevention and control, providing scientific evidence for policy-making across countries. This collective effort aims to achieve the global goal of a 25% relative reduction in uncontrolled hypertension prevalence by 2025 compared to 2010. This article will interpret briefly the reports based on the prevalence and management of hypertension in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

The consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of elderly myelodysplastic neoplasm in China (2024) MDS Professional Committee of Hematology Branch of Chinese Geriatrics Society Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2024, 23 (03): 285-296.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.03.006 Abstract （2096）   HTML （93）    PDF（pc） （1106KB）（5396）       Knowledge map    Save Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid tumours originating from haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, with a high prevalence in the elderly. Epidemiological surveys in Europe and the United States have revealed that the incidence of MDS is (4-5)/100 000, which increases with age，and the median age at diagnosis of MDS patients reaches 73-76 years. In Shanghai, China, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2008 diagnostic criteria, the average incidence rate was 1.51/100 000, and the median age of onset of MDS was found to be 62 years old in a survey conducted in 3.9 million people from 2004 to 2007, of which about one-third of the patients would be transformed into acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and 53% of the patients would die due to infections, haemorrhages, or comorbidities triggered by cytopenias. Elderly MDS patients have their own characteristics in terms of both treatment choices and disease prognosis due to more comorbidities and weaker health. Clinical characteristics of elderly MDS patients include slightly higher white blood cell count, haemoglobin level and more bone marrow blasts than those of young patients, while neutrophil count and platelet count are significantly higher than those of young patients; the number of mutations in elderly MDS patients is higher, with an average of 1.8 mutations per patient, among which the mutations in ASXL1, TET2, SF3B1, STAG2, SRSF2 and TP53 are more common; while the number of mutations in younger patients averages 1.2 per person, among which U2AF1, ASXL1 and RUNX1 mutations are more common. Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only curative treatment for MDS, and myeloablative transplantation is feasible in young patients, but only reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allo-HSCT can be performed in elderly patients.The natural course and prognosis of elderly MDS patients varies considerably, and the MDS Composite Prognostic Score, which is composed of the composite age (>70 years old), vulnerability index, and IPSS prognostic subgroups, is able to better predict the tolerance of chemotherapy and adverse treatment effects in MDS patients. This consensus is based on the latest evidence-based data in the study of MDS in the elderly at home and abroad, and has been discussed by the experts of the group, which aims to standardise the diagnosis and the whole management of treatment for elderly MDS patients in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Report on diagnosis and treatment of hemophilia in China 2023 XUE Feng, DAI Jing, CHEN Lixia, LIU Wei, ZHANG Houqiang, WU Runhui, SUN Jing, ZHANG Xinsheng, WU Jingsheng, ZHAO Yongqiang, WANG Xuefeng, YANG Renchi Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (02): 89-115.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.02.001 Abstract （3872）   HTML （127）    PDF（pc） （1494KB）（5255）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, China attaches great importance to the prevention and treatment of rare diseases. As one of the representative diseases of rare diseases, management of Hemophilia has made great progress in China. From 1986 to 1989, the National Hemophilia Cooperative Group conducted China's hemophilia epidemiological survey according to the unified method and standard, and the results showed that the prevalence of hemophilia was 2.73/100 000, and there was no statistical difference in prevalence among different regions. In 2014, Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of hemophilia in China was 2.8/100 000, and in 2018, based on the data of the urban population of Tianjin, the local prevalence of hemophilia was estimated to be 3.09/100 000. With the comprehensive promotion of the construction of hemophilia hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system, China requires that hospitals applying for hemophilia comprehensive management centers and diagnosis and treatment centers must be able to independently carry out screening tests and confirmatory tests related to hemophilia diagnosis. For diagnosis of hemophilia, most laboratories in China usually adopt the one-stage method (coagulation method) based on the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) for the determination of coagulation factor activity, but it should be noted that more than two activity detection methods are required for some special types of hemophilia. The types of each mutation in the F8 gene of patients in China are similar to those reported in international data, and the mutations in the F9 gene of our patients are mainly single base point mutations, with no mutation hotspots found. As of June 2023, a total of more than 40 000 cases with inherited bleeding disorders registered in 261 centers in China (including hemophilia), through the National Hemophilia Registration System. The history of hemophilia treatment in China has been explored through inadequate on-demand and low-dose prophylaxis, and is now moving towards higher-dose prophylaxis and individualized prophylaxis with higher efficacy. Based on the above registry data and literature, this report comprehensively summarizes the progress of basic and clinical research and medical protection in the field of hemophilia in China, and analyzes the shortcomings for further improvement of hemophilia diagnosis and treatment in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Urban Target Detection Algorithm Based on Multi-Modal Fusion of UAV WANG Jianyuan, CHEN Xiaotong, ZHANG Yue, SUN Junge, SHI Donghao, CHEN Jinbao Air & Space Defense    2024, 7 (1): 32-39.   Abstract （1062）      PDF（pc） （1812KB）（5235）       Knowledge map    Save Using small drones to detect urban targets such as vehicles at low altitudes in cities has gradually become a mainstream means. Given the existing problems of low detection accuracy of single-mode detection networks affected by visible light detection, inability to work at night and the blurred edge of infrared detection targets in actual scenes, this paper has proposed a multi-modal UAV detection algorithm based on image fusion and deep learning network. Firstly, based on the DUT-VTUAV visible-infrared registration data set and TIF image fusion algorithm, a multi-mode fusion data set was built up. Secondly, by comparing the detection accuracy, speed and several parameters of the existing YOLO series network, the lightweight network YOLO v5n which was most suitable for the mobile deployment of UAVs was decided. Finally, a multi-modal fusion detection algorithm was produced by combining an image fusion algorithm and a target detection model. Comparative experiments on vehicle data sets successfully show that compared with single-mode detection, the detection accuracy of the proposed algorithm is effectively increased, with mAP up to 99.6%, and a set of visible-infrared image fusion detection can be completed within 0.3s, indicating the high real-time performance. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Research progress on the mechanism of skin aging caused by ultraviolet radiation CHEN Heng, WANG Jue, ZHOU Xu Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (3): 382-.   Abstract （416）      PDF（pc） （992KB）（5154）       Knowledge map    Save Skin exposed to sunlight for a long period of time will have impaired function and even genetic material alteration， which is manifested by aging characteristics such as water loss， elasticity loss， wrinkle growth， melanin deposition and dryness. There are many ways to cause skin photoaging and the mechanism is complex， the ultraviolet light in sunlight has a particularly obvious effect on skin aging， the ultraviolet light that can act on the skin is divided into two kinds： UVA and UVB. They mainly act on the skin through five mechanisms that lead to photoaging： oxidative stress， damaging genetic material， changing the epidermal microbial community， destroying the function and structure of organelles， and reshaping the extracellular matrix （ECM）.In this paper， these five mechanisms were reviewed， and research directions and prospects in this field were proposed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Lung cancer worldwide and in China from 1990 to 2020: prevalence and prevention measures WANG Zezhou, ZHENG Ying Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (01): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.01.001 Abstract （2507）   HTML （63）    PDF（pc） （946KB）（5139）       Knowledge map    Save From 1990 to 2020, the number of newly diagnosed cases of lung cancer in the world continued to grow, but the prevalence remained stable. As time went, the incidence （world standard incidence, adjusted with age structure of world population） of lung cancer changed in gender, region, age, and histological type. The difference between male and female in incidence continued to narrow, with male incidence declining by 12.5% and female incidence rising by 22.3%. There were obvious regional differences in the incidence of lung cancer. From 1998 to 2012, the incidence of male lung cancer in Europe, Asia and North America showed a downward trend (the average annual change percentages were -1.6%, -0.6% and -2.5%， respectively), while the incidence of female lung cancer showed a upward trend except North America. From 1998 to 2012, the average age of lung cancer patients in all regions of the world showed a trend of increasing year by year. The average age at diagnosis of lung cancer in Asian men increased from 67.21 years in 1998 to 69.14 years in 2012. Patterns of histological types of lung cancer have also changed. Since the early 1980s, the proportion of squamous cell lung cancer has declined. Since 2004, adenocarcinoma has become the most common histological type of lung cancer in the world. In 2020, China had the largest cases of newly diagnosed lung cancer in the world. From 1989 to 2008, urban-rural ratio of lung cancer incidence dropped from 2.07 to 1.14. In economically underdeveloped areas, the incidence of lung cancer was also rising, and the situation in some areas with high incidence of lung cancer had been controlled. China, as the largest tobacco producer and consumer country, has to be serious with the control of tobacco. Risk of lung cancer caused by environmental pollution is gradually lower. Controlling occupational exposure is also the key to preventing lung cancer in China, and establishing a mornitoring network for risk factors is the direction in future. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

The Construction of Student-Centered, Harmonious Teacher-Student Relationships Driven by Educator Spirit XU Jinfen Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies    2024, 24 (4): 5-15.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2024.04.001 Abstract （536）   HTML （18）    PDF（pc） （1217KB）（5093）       Knowledge map    Save Under the guidance of spirits of educators, this article firstly explores the contemporary significance and theoretical basis for the construction of harmonious teacher-student relationships. Then, based on the 14 student-centered principles proposed by the American Psychological Association and the semi-structured interview results with university teachers and students from different regions in China, six major characteristics of student-centered harmonious teacher-student relationships are extracted. Finally, guided by these characteristics, specific strategies for building student-centered harmonious relationships between foreign language teachers and students are proposed from five aspects: educational philosophy, teaching methods, learning environment, emotional support, and evaluation system. This article aims to provide references for foreign language teachers from both theoretical and practical perspectives and further promote the healthy development of foreign language education. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Review of Missile Structural Optimization Design for Additive Manufacturing KE Linda, ZHANG Xiaolong, CUI Zhe, GU Mingfeng, LAI Caifang, LIU Yong Air & Space Defense    2023, 6 (2): 28-34.   Abstract （643）      PDF（pc） （1107KB）（4981）       Knowledge map    Save With the development of AM (additive manufacturing) technology, the integration of innovative structure design and AM technology must be the critical direction of breakthrough development in missile development and structural design. This paper discussed the application of advanced additive manufacturing technology in missile structure optimization in three parts: the static design, the dynamic structure design and the coupling dynamics. Since the optimization of missile structure involves dynamic characteristics, aeroelasticity, mechanical-thermal coupling etc., relying on its unique advantages, AM technology can break through the traditional design mode and the processing bottleneck, and can further realize the lightweight, small size and functional integration of space weapon equipment. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Trends in global major disease burden and health conditions—interpretation of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021 FAN Bonan, LI Yan Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2024, 23 (05): 474-483.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.05.003 Abstract （2063）   HTML （64）    PDF（pc） （3009KB）（4821）       Knowledge map    Save The Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) analyzed 371 diseases and injuries using 100,983 data sources, estimating years lived with disability, years of life lost, disability-adjusted life years, and healthy life expectancy. From 1990 to 2019, the annual rate of change in global all-cause mortality ranged from -0.9% to 2.4%, while deaths increased by 10.8% and 7.5% in 2020 and 2021 respectively due to COVID-19. In 2021, COVID-19 was the second lea-ding cause of death globally, with a mortality rate of 94.0 per 100 000. The mortality rates of other major causes, such as ischemic heart disease and stroke were 108.7 and 87.4 per 100 000, respectively. Global life expectancy rose from 65.5 years in 1990 to 73.3 years in 2019 but dropped to 71.7 years in 2021 due to COVID-19, which reduced life expectancy by 2.2 years, significantly impacting the trend of health improvement. In China, GBD 2021 data shows a significant increase in life expectancy from 1990 to 2021: from 69.9 to 80.7 years for women and from 65.7 to 74.9 years for men. However, non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and chronic respiratory diseases remain major health threats. In 2021, these diseases had the highest burden among the top ten causes in China, with rising incidence and morta-lity rates. Major health risk factors in China include tobacco, hypertension, and dietary risks. This paper, through the systematic analysis of GBD 2021 data, reveals current trends in disease burden globally and in China, and proposes public health strategy recommendations. China should enhance chronic disease management, improve public health emergency responses, address health inequalities, and promote basic research and international cooperation to improve overall health levels. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Review of Autonomous Decision-Making and Planning Techniques for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle CHENG Haoyu, ZHANG Shuo, LIU Tailai, XU Shengli, HUANG Hanqiao Air & Space Defense    2024, 7 (1): 6-15.   Abstract （1006）      PDF（pc） （994KB）（4736）       Knowledge map    Save Facing the future with a highly dynamic, strong confrontation and rejection combat environment, intelligence level has become the core factor restricting the UAV mission/environment adaptability and combat effectiveness. Focusing on autonomous decision-making and planning technology, which is a difficult, rapidly updated and broad application prospect, the main research achievements and future development direction of autonomous decision-making and planning technology were reviewed. Firstly, the necessity of autonomous decision-making and planning technology research was elaborated based on the development and current situation of unmanned aerial vehicles. Secondly, this study summarized and analyzed the current research results of autonomous decision-making and planning technology. Finally, the development direction of autonomous decision-making and planning technology of UAVs was prospected. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Interpretation of the 5th edition of the WHO classification of haematolymphoid tumours on MDS and AML YE Xiangjun, LU Xingguo Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (05): 421-428.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.05.002 Abstract （2039）   HTML （73）    PDF（pc） （1392KB）（4601）       Knowledge map    Save In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed the 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours (referred to as the 5th ed. WHO classification) based on the accumulated research results and clinical application progress in related fields after the revised 4th Edition of the WHO classification. Myelodysplastic neoplasms/syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the 5th ed. edition of the WHO classification. In practice in WHO classification has major changes from the revised 4th, it is of great significance for clinical disease diagnosis and treatment, as well as disease registration and scientific research. This article is interpreted based on the fifth edition of the classification published in the journal Leukemia and online ahead of print version on the official website of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Expert consensus on neuroimaging diagnosis of dementia and cognitive impairment (2023) Aging and Cognitive Impairment Branch of Shanghai Society of Aging and Degenerative Diseases Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2024, 23 (01): 30-39.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2024.01.005 Abstract （1339）   HTML （19）    PDF（pc） （9441KB）（4157）       Knowledge map    Save For patients with cognitive impairment as the main clinical manifestation, structural MRI (or CT instead) should be performed first to clarify intracranial lesions and brain atrophy. For patients with specific clinical manifestations, specific MRI sequences is recommended to further assist diagnosis. If the patient is suspected of AD, it is recommended to perform oblique coronal T1WI for MTA grading to score medial temporal lobe atrophy. If the patient is suspected to be caused by vascular factors or special infections (prion proteins), it is recommended to perform diffusion-weighted imaging. If the patient has extrapyramidal symptoms or small vessel disease, especially cerebral amyloid angiopathy or cognitive impairment complicated by diabetes, it is recommended to perform susceptibility-weighted imaging. If a mass is suspicious on MRI, contrast-enhanced MR imaging and MR spectroscopy should be performed. If the patient has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, it is recommended to perform diffusion tensor imaging. If the patient is suspected to be caused by neurodegenerative diseases, it is recommended to perform 18F-FDG PET and Aβ-PET or tau-PET. Aβ-PET imaging and tau-PET imaging can visualize the degree and scope of pathological protein deposition in the brain, which has important predictive and diagnostic value for dementia and can be used for the differential diagnosis of dementia and staging the disease progression. In addition, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, near-infrared spectroscopy, and some emerging imaging techniques such as cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging, and diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space have been studied in patients with cognitive impairment. It is expected that these technologies can be used in the future to better assist the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment. It should be noted that neuroimaging does not represent the complete diagnosis and clinical symptoms of the disease and must be interpreted with caution. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

New knowledge of prophylaxis and treatment about cancer-associated thrombosis DING Yongjie, ZHANG Liu, LI Qingyun Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (04): 323-331.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.04.001 Abstract （807）   HTML （24）    PDF（pc） （946KB）（4148）       Knowledge map    Save Cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is the second leading cause of death in cancer patients, second only to the progression of the tumor. It leads to extended hospitalization and re-hospitalization, resulting in a serious social medical burden. Tumor-specific gene mutations such as JAK2, ALK, and KRAS mutations are closely related to the risk of CAT in patients with solid tumors. Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors have a high risk of CAT, with a 1-year cumulative incidence rate of 10.86%. Therefore, accurate risk assessment is important. The Khorana risk score (KRS) is the first model to assess CAT risk and has been validated in several studies. The new generation models are based on the improvement of KRS, but they have not yet undergone large-scale external verification, such as the Vienna CAT model, PROTECHT model, and CONKO model. Due to the strong correlation between tumors and CAT, several CAT-related prevention guidelines have been established domestically and abroad. All of these guidelines recommend that patients undergo preventive anticoagulation therapy after tumor surgery. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is the most widely used anticoagulant drug to prevent CAT. New oral anticoagulants (NOAC) are also used to prevent CAT, despite the incidence of hemorrhaging increases, the overall benefits to patients outweigh the risks. The strategy for treating CAT is complex. For patients with non-gastrointestinal tumors, NOAC can be used as a first-line drug, while LMWH is recommended for anticoagulation in patients with gastrointestinal tumors. Since CAT patients receive anticoagulation and anti-tumor therapy at the same time, drug interactions need to be considered to avoid drug-induced bleeding, especially the impact of combined medication on NOAC pharmacokinetics. The ideal length of anticoagulation therapy for CAT remains unclear. Guidelines recommend that patients with CAT should indefinitely continue the anticoagulation therapy after completing 3 to 6 months of initial anticoagulation therapy. Therefore, when determining the course of anticoagulation therapy for cancer patients, physicians should evaluate the risk of recurrence of thrombosis and bleeding, and optimize the treatment plan. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

The Enlightenment for the Development of Anti-UAV Equipment from the Offensive and Defensive Operations of UAVs Between Russian and Ukrainian ZHANG Yaoyi, LI Ning Air & Space Defense    2024, 7 (3): 34-39.   Abstract （1054）      PDF（pc） （924KB）（4147）       Knowledge map    Save According to the offensive and defensive operations of UAVs （Unmanned Aerial Vehicles） in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the methods of countering new air threats represented by UAVs in the future were studied. By reviewing the overall situation of the UAVs employed by Russia and Ukraine, the methods of using various UAVs to build an integrated reconnaissance and offensive system on both sides were summarized. From the perspective of responding to the UAV threat, this paper elaborated on the overall overview of the anti-UAV equipment employed by both sides and summarized the methods of building an integrated anti-UAV system using various soft and hard killing methods. According to the practical experience of warfare, considering the development of strong hostile UAVs and anti-UAV equipment such as the US military, enlightenment and suggestions for the future development of anti-UAV equipment were proposed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Analysis of the Development of Foreign Small Loitering Munitions and Their Early Warning System Response Strategy LI Chao, LI Hao, SU Haoran Air & Space Defense    2023, 6 (3): 58-65.   Abstract （625）      PDF（pc） （1082KB）（4114）       Knowledge map    Save The use of small loitering munitions in the Armenia-Azerbaijan and the Russia-Ukraine conflicts has once again driven the interests of global military powers to develop loitering munitions. Taking foreign small loitering munitions as the main research object, this paper has discussed the development history of loitering munitions, including the development status of several typical small loitering munitions and their respective latest development of operational applications, and summarized and compared their performance parameters. According to the study of typical types of operational applications of small loitering munitions and their operational advantages, countermeasure suggestions were proposed for future early warning systems to cope with small loitering munitions operations, thus providing a reference for the construction and development of early warning systems. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Research progress of three-dimensional functional skin model construction in vitro LI Yang, XI Taotao, ZHANG Bo, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2024, 20 (2): 240-.   Abstract （297）      PDF（pc） （1034KB）（4100）       Knowledge map    Save Tissue engineering technology has been widely used in tissue and organ repair and has become an important method of regenerative medicine technique. The appearance of tissue engineering skin provides a new method for the treatment of large-area cutaneous defect in clinic. Because of the complicated skin-structure， it is an enormous challenge to building a functional three-dimensional skin tissue engineering model to simulate or replace the original skin. Based on this， from the aspects of cell types and sources， techniques， types， applications and prospects of skin tissue engineering models， the latest progress of in vitro 3D functional skin tissue model construction was reviewed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of ideal skin tissue model. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Research on the Progress of US Military Digital Transformation ZHANG Xue Air & Space Defense    2023, 6 (4): 12-16.   Abstract （1389）      PDF（pc） （639KB）（3730）       Knowledge map    Save Digital transformation is strategically required by military transformation. It’s critical to guarantee the reform of military concepts and plays an indispensable link in winning future wars using intelligent technology. To maintain the war advantage, the US military has been actively promoting its digital transformation during the transition of the fourth industrial revolution. This paper has studied the needs, development goals, significance, and implementation approaches of the digital transformation of the current US Army. Then, specific strategies to promote the digital transformation of China’s military were proposed by establishing standards and specifications, building data models, and personnel digital literacy. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Current status and considerations on the diagnosis and treatment of pemphigus in China PAN Meng, WANG Jingying Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (03): 209-214.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.03.01 Abstract （929）   HTML （17）    PDF（pc） （918KB）（3727）       Knowledge map    Save Pemphigus is a rare autoimmune bullous disease with chronic and high rates of relapse. The diagnosis of pemphigus in China has following problems: first, the difficulty of early diagnosis commonly causes missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis with eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, behcet disease, ect. Patients are diagnosed clearly only after several months or years. Second, patients’ cognitive dificiency of pemphigus. Shortage of education on pemphigus patients, low acceptance and obedience and self-reduction or-withdrawal of drug causing common relapse and low sensitivity and increasing adverse reactions in retreatment. Thrid, lack of management of doctors in adverse reaction treatment. Some primary hospitals still have the overdosage of hormone to disease control and nonstandard drug combination as the primary treatment of pemphigus. In January 2020, the Dermatology Branch of China Association for the Promotion of International Exchanges in Healthcare has released Expert Recommendations on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pemphigus Vlgaris (2020) and update the diagnosis standard of pemphigus in China. In April 2021, the China Autoimmune Bullous Disease Collaboration Network was officially established to promote the further update of pemphigus diagnosis and treatment with multi-center and multidisciplinary collaborative research. “Early diagnosis, timely treatment, careful nursing, long-term follow-up” is the principle of pemphigus diagnosis and treatment. This article concludes the situation of pemphigus in China, compares differences between home and abroad in diagnosis and treatment of pemphigus and triggers thoughts of future development. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Development of the Intelligentization of Precision Strike System of Systems FAN Jinxiang, LIU Yiji, LI Ning, CHAI Juanfang Air & Space Defense    2023, 6 (4): 1-11.   Abstract （690）      PDF（pc） （831KB）（3679）       Knowledge map    Save In recent years, to accommodate the operational modes being transformed to multi-domain/all-domain joint operation and the weapon equipment being transformed to systematic and cooperative, and to improve the capability of precision strike system of systems in joint-operation and fighting against powerful enemies, USA and other major military powerful countries are making great efforts to carry out the research and development together with preliminary application of intelligentization of precision strike system of systems. They have successfully applied artificial intelligence(AI) in commerce, industry， science and other fields. In this paper, the development of the intelligentization of precision strike systems has been reviewed. The requirements for the intelligentization of advanced precision strike system of systems were investigated. The overall development of intelligentization in the information support system and its engagement chain of precision strike systems were summarized. The key technologies for the intelligentization of precision strike systems were discussed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Interpretation of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Non-small Lung Cancer (version 4 and version 5) of 2022 National Comprehensive Cancer Nerwork(NCCN) CHEN Guoqun, CAI Jiaodi Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (01): 8-13.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.01.002 Abstract （1668）   HTML （39）    PDF（pc） （900KB）（3671）       Knowledge map    Save Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with approximately 1.8 million patients dying of lung cancer each year, accounting for 18.0% of all cancer deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the main type of lung cancer and accounts for more than 85% of all lung cancer patients. In China, more than 700 000 new cases of lung cancer are diagnosed each year, and more than 600 000 patients die of lung cancer, accounting for 21.7% of all cancer deaths. In 2022, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) updated the guidelines for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Compared with the third edition of the guidelines, the fourth edition of the guidelines added the reference significance of ERBB2 (HER2) mutation in the diagnosis and treatment of （NSCLC）. The updated content was mainly focused on the detection of HER2 mutation as a standard biomarker and the treatment of patients with HER2 mutation. The detection of HER2 mutation is recommended for patients with metastatic NSCLC. Fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan and trastuzumab emtansine are recommended as second-line treatment options for patients with HER2 mutation. However, both are in clinical trials in China. The treatment strategies for NSCLC patients with HER2 mutations need to be considered comprehensively in light of the actual situation, and more data from domestic trials are needed. The fifth edition of the guidelines expanded the use of nivolumab, marking new progress in the study of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Current Developments in Foreign Hypersonic Vehicles and Defense Systems Air & Space Defense    2023, 6 (3): 39-51.   Abstract （694）      PDF（pc） （2112KB）（3547）       Knowledge map    Save With the evolution of combat modes and advancements in hypersonic-related technologies, hypersonic vehicles have emerged as the major threat in future warfare. This will inevitably trigger new tactical strategies and military doctrines. This paper has provided a systematic review of the development of hypersonic vehicles from major military powers and introduced its current stage of equipment for defense systems. Based on the above analysis, this paper proposes three defending strategies against hypersonic vehicles, which includes building a comprehensive information network, creating an all-encompassing interception posture, and improving a full-factor command and control platform. These strategies contribute to the reference for the construction and development of hypersonic vehicle defense systems and are valuable to counter the growing threat posed by hypersonic vehicles in future warfare. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Research on Hierarchical Tree Construction Method for Multilevel Process Model of Joint Operations Simulation ZHANG Mingxin, SU JiongMing, ZHANG Mingen, LI Rufei, QIAN Xiaochao Air & Space Defense    0, (): 6-12.   Abstract （354）      PDF（pc） （1041KB）（3433）       Knowledge map    Save The types of models of the joint combat simulation experiments are rich, while the design, the evaluation and the analysis of the simulation experiment are complex. Thus, the scenarios for the application of the experimental results are diverse. Therefore, multi-level models are required for joint combat experiments and analysis. The hierarchy of entities has been generally studied by aggregation and disaggregation but still lacks suitable description, analysis, and integration methods for the hierarchy of combat processes models. According to the existing methods of hierarchical description and analysis, this paper utilized the concept of a hierarchical tree to describe the process models of different levels. The structure, operation and application of the hierarchical tree were analyzed systematically. The specific application of the process hierarchical tree was introduced with examples. The hierarchical tree description of the process model can contribute to the multi-level joint simulation application analysis and multi-level model management, and can effectively improve the interoperability and reusability of models at different levels. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Application of Intelligent Perception in OODA Ring of Air Defense and Anti-Missile ZHANG Di, WANG Hui, AN Guochen, GU Cunfeng, FAN Tianzheng Air & Space Defense    2024, 7 (1): 1-5.   Abstract （879）      PDF（pc） （1016KB）（3412）       Knowledge map    Save In the future intelligent war, new challenges for detection, perception, command and decision of air defense and anti-missile weapon systems are required and have been put forward. Focusing on intelligent perception countermeasure to empower future air defense and anti-missile combat equipment, the concept and connotation of intelligent perception were analyzed. Centered on the OODA(Observe, Orient, Decide and Act) ring and the typical combat process, the main forms of sensing countermeasures were elaborated, including warning and counter warning, detection and counter detection, and tracking and counter tracking. The core scientific problem was identified, which was feature concealment and recognition. The main application scenarios of perception countermeasure technology in the OODA ring were revealed. Finally, the key technologies that need to be developed to enhance the intelligent level of perception concealment for air defense and anti-missile weapon systems have been proposed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Analysis of the mechanism of fibroblast involvement in scarless healing of oral mucosa based on single cell transcriptome sequencing XUANYUAN Xinyang, XU Jiacheng, WANG Mengting, et al Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2023, 19 (2): 115-.   Abstract （654）      PDF（pc） （3654KB）（3299）       Knowledge map    Save Objective　To explore the heterogeneity of human normal oral mucosa and skin fibroblasts and the mechanism of oral mucosal fibroblasts in promoting scarless wound healing. Methods　Single-cell transcriptome sequencing data were obtained from the GEO database for 13 cases of oral mucosa and 8 cases of skin. The 64,633 cells were subjected to quality control, dimen sionality, clustering and cell annotation. Fibroblasts were extracted and annotated for subsets definition, differential gene enrichment and intercellular interactions analysis. Results　Fibroblasts can be divided into 5 subsets: inflammatory, adipose, mesenchymal, contractile, and Wnt-inhibited. The proportion of inflammatory fibroblasts was significantly upregulated in the oral mucosa and was associated with immune cell recruitment. CXCL13, EEF1A1 and B2M genes were highly expressed in oral mucosa fibro blasts. Gene ontology (GO) functional analysis showed that scar healing-related pathways such as immune response and pro-in flammatory pathways were activated in oral fibroblasts. Cellular interaction analysis revealed that the interaction between fibro blast subsets was significantly changed, the information flow of oral mucosal COLLAGEN signaling pathway was upregulated, and the score of collagen degradation genes including MMP1 and MMP10 were also increased (P<0.05). Conclusion　Fibroblasts in normal skin and oral mucosa differ significantly in their subpopulation and function. The stronger inflammatory characteristics and collagen metabolism of oral mucosal fibroblasts may drive the scarless wound healing. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Application of Ship 3D-modeling based on NURBS surface ZHANG Dapeng, YAN Jin, ZHAO Bowen, HOU Ling, ZHU Keqiang Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology    2023, 10 (3): 24-32.   DOI: 10.12087/oeet.2095-7297.2023.03.03 Abstract （417）      PDF（pc） （7786KB）（3278）       Knowledge map    Save NUBRS surface modeling technology is specially designed for the reconstruction of 3D models of complex surface objects. It can accurately and precisely express the contour and shape of the 3D model of target objects based on the form of curves and surfaces. This paper introduces Maxsurf Modeler, a 3D modeling program of hull based on NURBS surface, and gives the process of applying this program to 3D modeling of hull. At the same time, the reliability and applicability of the 3D model are verified by CFD. In the calculation of hydrostatic resistance, the maximum error under 6 working conditions is 2.29%. In seakeeping calculation, the calculation error of pitch motion is the largest, which is 19.32%. The results show that the 3D model completed by Maxsurf Modeler has certain reliability. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Advances in the evaluation of hepatic function by magnetic resonance imaging CHEN Qian, LIN Huimin, YAN Fuhua Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (02): 190-196.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.02.014 Abstract （580）   HTML （5）    PDF（pc） （1542KB）（3259）       Knowledge map    Save Quantitative assessment of liver function reserve is crucial for preoperative evaluation of patients with liver diseases. The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for quantitative assessment of liver function reserve has been limited by technical challenges for a long time; recently, MRI has developed and improved in various aspects, such as imaging methods, contrast agents, quantitative parameters, etc., leading to new techniques and applications for liver function quantification. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) can measure the biomechanical properties of liver tissue, and provide information on liver microstructure and function based on parameters such as vibration wave propagation speed in the liver; hepatobiliary-specific contrast-enhanced MRI can visualize the hepatocyte uptake and biliary excretion of contrast agent, thus revealing the functional distribution of the liver; T1ρ and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can capture the local microenvironment features such as macromolecular components and water diffusion, and quantify liver function using these characteristics. Moreover, the latest technological advances such as three-dimensional shear wave elastography (3D-SWE) and hepatobiliary-specific contrast-enhanced MRI combined with T1 mapping quantification have further enhanced the performance of these examinations in liver function quantification. Compared with the commonly used clinical methods for liver function assessment, such as biochemical indicators, Child-Pugh score and indocyanine green test, the advantage of imaging techniques is that they can offer spatial distribution information of liver function reserve that is not available from clinical methods, providing new tools for preoperative evaluation of liver function reserve. This is expected to bridge the gap of current clinical examinations, assist in preoperative planning of liver surgery, and has promising development prospects. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Application of two-dimensional nanomaterial MXenes in tissue engineering ZHOU Hongling, WU Yeke, ZHAO Lixing Journal of Tissue Engineering and Reconstructive Surgery    2023, 19 (2): 178-.   Abstract （426）      PDF（pc） （900KB）（3252）       Knowledge map    Save Owing to the advantages of high conductivity, hydrophilicity, high specific surface area, fascinating mechanical strength and photothermal conversion performance, transition metal carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides (MXenes), as a new kind of two-dimensional materials, have shown remarkable potential applications in the field of biomedicine, especially in tissue en gineering. In this paper, the research progress of biocompatibility of MXenes was briefly summarized, the application of MXenes in tissue engineering such as bone repair and skin regeneration was emphatically introduced, and finally the challenges and po tential research directions of MXenes in tissue engineering were prospected, aiming to provide some insights for the research and clinical application of MXenes in tissue engineering. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

Advances in the study of tsRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer WANG Shukui, GU Xinliang Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice    2023, 22 (05): 413-420.   DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2023.05.001 Abstract （907）   HTML （18）    PDF（pc） （966KB）（3098）       Knowledge map    Save Transfer RNA (tRNA) promotes the protein translation process by binding with corresponding amino acids and transporting them to the ribosome, emphasizing the vital role of tRNA in protein translation. Transfer RNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) are fragments originating from tRNA and are produced when these tRNA are cleaved. As the degradation products of tRNA, tsRNA retain significant biological functions, notably in regulating gene expression and modulating translation. Recent researches have highlighted the dual regulatory role of tsRNA in oncology, especially their pronounced variations in the bodily fluids of cancer patients, accentuating the potential of tsRNA as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Upregulation of tsRNA and 5'tiRNA His GTG related to colorectal cancer promotes tumor occurrence and development; Upregulation of 5 '-tiRNA Val generated by angiopoietin cleavage promotes tumor metastasis and growth; Upregulation of tRF-20-MEJB5Y13 promotes the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Upregulation of gastric cancer related tsRNA, tRF-19-3L7L73JD, can promote the progression of malignant tumors, while upregulation of tRF-24-V29K9UV3IU, tRF-5026a, and tRF-Val may inhibit tumor proliferation and progression. In terms of clinical application, the expression of plasma 5-tRF-GlyGCC is increased, and the area under the curve for diagnosing colorectal cancer is 0.882. The plasma tRF-5026a is decreased, and the area under the curve for diagnosing colorectal cancer is 0.883. The expression of tRF-27-FDXXE6XRK45, tRF-29-R9J8909NF5JP, and tRF-23-Q99P9P9NDD in the serum of gastric cancer patients was significantly increased. The area under the diagnostic curve for gastric cancer was 0.805, 0.889, and 0.783, respectively; The serum tDR ‐ 000620 in triple negative breast cancer decreased, which was related to lymph node metastasis and disease recurrence. In the plasma exosomes of gastric cancer patients, the expression of tRF-38, tRF-25, and tRF-18 is elevated, which can be used for diagnosis and may be a postoperative predictive factor. The expression levels of tRNA ValTAC-3, tRNA GlyTCC-5, tRNA ValAAC-5, and tRNA GluCTC-5 in the plasma exosomes of liver cancer patients have significantly increased, which may be emerging biomarkers.This article reviews the biogenesis, classification, and biological functions of tsRNA, emphasizing the advancements in their application as tumor biomarkers and delineating their roles across various cancer types, offering insights into their utility in oncological research and clinical applications. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

Select

A Short-Term Carbon Emission Accounting Method for Power Industry Using Electricity Data Based on a Combined Model of CNN and LightGBM ZENG Jincan, HE Gengsheng, LI Yaowang, DU Ershun, ZHANG Ning, ZHU Haojun Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University    2025, 59 (6): 746-757.   DOI: 10.16183/j.cnki.jsjtu.2023.382 Abstract （2091）   HTML （3）    PDF（pc） （6089KB）（3095）       Knowledge map    Save The electric power industry plays a pivotal role in carbon emission control. Accurate and real-time accounting of carbon emissions in the power industry is essential for supporting the carbon reduction of the power industry. At present, the measurement of carbon emissions in the power industry relies mainly on direct measurement or the accounting methods, which often struggles to balance low measurement costs with real-time accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, the robust power data infrastructure in the power industry is leveraged and the correlation between electricity consumption and carbon emissions is explored to propose a short-term electricity-to-carbon method using machine learning methods based on historical data of electricity. This method utilizes convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature extraction, and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) for carbon emission estimation based on extracted features. Moreover, K-fold cross-validation is used in model training, with parameter optimization using grid search to enhance the generalization capability and robustness of the model. To validate the proposed method, it is compared with other machine learning models under the same data segmentation condition for daily and hourly data sets. The results indicate that the proposed model outperforms other models in both performance evaluation and the consistency between estimated and target values. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）