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01 June 2024, Volume 20 Issue 3 Previous Issue   

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Preliminary study on modRNA transfection of human adipose-derived stem cells with different transfection methods LI Kaixiang, LUO Runjiao, YU Xindi, et a（l 2024, 20 (3):  275.  Abstract ( 61 )   PDF (16000KB) ( 35 )   Objective To select a transfection method with better efficiency and to determine its feasibility in modRNA transfection of human adipose-derived stem cell （hADSC） as well as specific protein expression pattern. Methods ModGFP was transfected into hADSC using two kinds of electrotransfection methods （Optimization4 and Optimization6） and liposome transfection reagent （RNAiMAX）.The transfection efficiency and protein expression of different transfection methods were analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscope. Cell survival rate at 24 h after transfection was evaluated by AM/PI staining. Electrotransformation mode with better effect and RNAiMAX were used to transfect modVEGFA into hADSC. Culture supernatant of hADSC after being transfected for 24 h was collected to incubate human umbilical vein endothelial cells （hUVECs） followed by tube formation and transwell migration experiments. hADSCmodVEGFA mixed with matrigel was injected subcutaneously in nude mice. The ability to stimulate angiogenesis in vivo was analyzed by gross observation， HE staining， and immunofluorescence staining. Results The transfection efficiency was higher in Optimization6 group （87.75% ±1.52%）， compared with Optimization4 group （80.85% ±1.48%） and RNAiMAX group （81.8%±1.08%）.Fluorescence microscopy and flow analysis showed that the protein expression pattern was better in electrotransfection groups than that of RNAiMAX group. The toxicity of these three transfection methods in cells was minimal， no statistical difference was found. Compared with RNAiMAX， Optimization6 can transfect modVEGFA more efficiently into hADSC and possess better ability of promoting angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Compared with RNAiMAX and Optimization4， Optimization6 has higher transfection efficiency， better protein expression pattern， and stronger angiogenesis promoting effect both in vitro and in vivo. Related Articles | Metrics

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Enrichment of signaling pathways and dynamic expression of the FZD family during endogenous periosteum-guided bone regeneration CHEN Xiaoxue, YU Baofu, WANG Zi, et al 2024, 20 (3):  285.  Abstract ( 59 )   PDF (4004KB) ( 80 )   Objective To investigate the signaling pathway enrichment and dynamic expression of FZD family during endogenous periosteum-guided bone regeneration. Methods A porcine closed rib periosteum-guided bone regeneration model was established， and periosteum and regenerated bone tissues were collected at seven time points for gene sequencing， differential gene screening and enrichment analysis of their related signaling pathways. The FZD molecular family， which is closely related to the process of bone regeneration， was selected for focused analysis， and the dynamic expression changes of each member of FZD and the expression correlation between them were detected and analyzed. Results A total of seven genes were persistently differentially expressed at different time points within 1 month after surgery in the experimental group compared with the control group. Differential gene enrichment showed that there was mainly an immune response in the early stage， and tissue development and remodeling were achieved later. The expression of each member of the FZD family fluctuated at different time points， and the expression peak of most members was 3 days after surgery， while the fold change of the experimental group was more obvious than that of the control group at 1 month after surgery， and FZD1 and FZD2 were the highest， and there was a high correlation between them. Conclusion The differential genes in the process of periosteum guided bone regeneration and the related signaling pathways screened in this study provide a theoretical basis for further molecular mechanism studies， while the dynamic expression changes of the FZD molecular family play an important role in the process， and the specific biological mechanisms involved in the process need to be verified by further studies. Related Articles | Metrics

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Fluid mechanics finite element analysis of 3D printed porous biological scaffolds with different microstructures based on cell adhesion WU Qiyou, CUI Boyu, XIA Wei, et al 2024, 20 (3):  293.  Abstract ( 72 )   PDF (4864KB) ( 152 )   Objective To study the influence of 3D-printed bone scaffolds with different pore morphologies on cell adhesion. Methods Utilizing MSLattice software， four porous structures with different pore morphologies， namely cubic， Hexagon， diamond， and gyroid， were designed. The principles of finite element analysis （FEM） and computational fluid dynamics （CFD） were employed using Siemens Star CCM+ software to simulate the fluid flow within the four scaffold structures， model the process of cell adhesion， measure the fluid flow velocity and pressure within the scaffold， as well as the fluid permeability and the thickness of the adhesion layer. Results Upon the passage of fluid through the four types of scaffolds， the pressure gradually diminished. However， due to the relatively regular structure of the scaffolds， the pressure exhibited a gradient distribution. The simulated pressure values before fluid flow through the four types of scaffolds were， in sequence： Gyroid>Cubic>Diamond>Hexagon. Flow velocity： Cubic>Gyroid>Diamond>Hexagon. The permeability of the four types of scaffolds： Diamond>Hexagon>Cubic>Gyroid. Adhesion layer thickness： Gyroid>Hexagon>Cubic>Diamond. Conclusion The fluid mechanics analysis results show that the gyroid scaffold has lower permeability and the highest adhesion layer thickness， which is more conducive to cell adhesion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application value of spinal robot assisted system in MIS-TLIF surgery LIU Yang, LIU Daokuo, LI Changkuan, et al 2024, 20 (3):  300.  Abstract ( 149 )   PDF (3575KB) ( 59 )   Objective To study the clinical application value of spinal robot assisted system in minimally invasive transforaminal fusion （MIS-TLIF） surgery. Methods From March 2019 to November 2022，78 patients who underwent surgical treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases were divided into traditional MIS-TLIF group （group A，41 cases） and robotic MIS-TLIF group （group B，37 cases） according to different surgical methods. Perioperative indicators （intraoperative bleeding， surgical time， incision length， and fluoroscopy frequency）， postoperative CT findings （screw placement accuracy，screw abduction angle）， functional recovery （VAS， JOA scores）， and perioperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results The intraoperative bleeding volume and fluoroscopy frequency in Group B were less than those in Group A， and the operative time and incision length were shorter than those in Group A （P<0.05） . A total of 164 screws were implanted in Group A，148 in Group B. The acceptable screws in Group B were significantly higher than those in Group A （P< 0.05） . The abduction angle of screws in Group A was 18.12°±7.50°， and that in Group B was 23.56°±6.64°. The abduction angle in Group B was greater than that in Group A （P<0.05） . One month after surgery， the VAS score of the two groupsdecreased compared to that before surgery， while the JOA score increased （P<0.05）.However， there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups （P>0.05）.There were no serious complications such as blood vessels and nerves in both groups； In group A，3 patient had a positioning error and 2 patient had a dural sac tear， all of which recovered after corresponding treatment； Group B had no early complications. The incidence of early complications in Group B was lower than  that in Group A （P<0.05）.Conclusion The spinal robot assisted system can shorten the operation time of MIS-TLIF，reduce intraoperative bleeding， and improve the accuracy of pedicle screw placement. It has high clinical application value. Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk factors analysis and predictive model construction for the failure of free flap transplantation in patients with traumatic soft tissue injury of limbs SONG Chunlin, LUO Chengjun, ZHU Yu 2024, 20 (3):  305.  Abstract ( 62 )   PDF (1212KB) ( 13 )   Objective To explore the risk factors for failure of free flap transplantation （FFT） in patients with traumatic soft tissue injury （STI） of limbs， and to construct a predictive model. Methods A total of 575 patients with traumatic STI in the limbs who underwent FFT from January 2017 to June 2023 were regarded as the study subjects. The patients were randomly separated into a modeling group （n=403） and a validation group （n=172） at 7：3. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the risk factors for FFT repair failure in patients with traumatic STI of the limbs. The RMS program package in R3.6.3 software was applied to construct a column graph model for predicting the failure of FFT repair in patients with traumatic STI of limbs， receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow （H-L） fit curve were applied to evaluate the discrimination and consistency of the column plot model prediction. Results The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the time from injury to surgery ≥ 6 hours （OR=2.179）， unreasonable selection of anastomosis vessels （OR=6.770）， concurrent infection （OR=4.980）， incomplete intraoperative hemostasis （OR= 3.054）， and unstable postoperative fixation （OR=2.132） were all independent risk factors for FFT repair failure in patients with traumatic STI of limbs （P<0.05） . The H-L test of the modeling group showed χ2 =11.889，P=0.546， and the area under the ROC curve was 0.809（95% CI：0.748-0.869）； The H-L test of the validation group showed χ2 =6.990，P=0.322， and the area under the ROC curve was 0.827（95% CI：0.722-0.932） . Conclusion Based on five risk factors： Time from injury to surgery， selection of anastomotic vessels， concurrent infection， incomplete intraoperative hemostasis， and unstable postoperative fixation， the column chart model for predicting the failure of FFT repair in patients with traumatic STI of limbs has good discrimination and consistency Related Articles | Metrics

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The application of endoscope in dual plane breast augmentation with smooth implants through inframammary incision MA Jing, YANG Daping 2024, 20 (3):  312.  Abstract ( 54 )   PDF (8472KB) ( 24 )   Objective To investigate the feasibility， safety and efficacy of application of endoscope in dual plane breast augmentation with smooth implants through inframammary incision. Methods When dissecting the posterior space of the pectoralis during breast augmentation through the inframammary incision， an endoscope was inserted to visualize the precise dissection and hemostasis of the space， reducing tissue trauma. The operation time， hospital stay， drainage situation， comfort， complications， postoperative effects and satisfaction rate were analyzed. Results A total of 108 patients were treated with general anesthesia， smooth implants， and dual plane technique. Thirty-eight patients chose Mentor implants， forty-eight patients chose Natrelle implants， fourteen patients chose Mentor extra implants， and eight patients chose ES implants. The size of the implants ranged from 220 cc to 350 cc. Ninety-eight patients （90.7%） underwent type 1 dual plane， eight patients （7.4%） underwent type 2 dual plane and two patients （1.9%） underwent type 3 dual plane. The average operation time was 72 minutes， the average hospitalization was 2 days. Thirty patients （27.8%） used drainages. Seventy-eight cases （72.2%） did not use drainages. Two breasts （0.9%） experienced hematoma. One breast （0.5%） experienced grade Ⅲ capsular contracture. Two breasts （0.9%） experienced displacement of implants. Three breasts （1.9%） experienced obvious scar. Eighteen cases （16.7%） received postoperative pain relief， while ninety cases （83.3%） did not receive pain relief. The distance from nipple to the inframammary fold was （5.80±0.43） cm before surgery and （8.05±0.33） cm after surgery， the difference was significant （P<0.05） . Eighty-eight cases （81.5%） met the patient's expectations and were very satisfied with the size， shape， feel， etc. Fifteen cases （13.9%） were satisfied. The satisfaction rate was 95.4%. Conclusion The application of endoscope in dual plane breast augmentation with smooth implants through inframammary incision has a good effect， high satisfaction rate， and fewer complications. It is feasible， safe， and effective. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study on the effect of traditional Chinese medicine external treatment on the repair refractory wounds in the limbs DAI Qiuying, WANG Yongling, LI Yan, et al 2024, 20 (3):  318.  Abstract ( 58 )   PDF (4383KB) ( 19 )   Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine external treatment for the repair of refractory wounds in the limbs. Methods Patients were divided into two groups according to treatment methods. The observation group received traditional Chinese medicine external treatment with Zigui Zhangpi ointment combined with moxibustion， while the control group received treatment with growth factor combined with vaseline oil gauze. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 67 cases were collected， including 35 in the observation group and 32 in the control group. After treatment， all the wounds healed， and the average healing time in the observation group was （43.94±24.92） days， shorter than （62.03±64.88） days in the control group， but with no statistically significant difference （P>0.05）. The rate of healing within 2 months were 82.86% and 59.38% in the observation group and control group， respectively， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Before treatment， the average wound area of the observation group and the control group were （10.93±14.93） cm2 and （8.13±7.53） cm2 ， respectively. And 30 daysafter treatment， the wound area of the observation group and the control group were （2.61±6.91） cm2 and （2.66±4.34） cm2 ，respectively. It was found that with the change of treatment time， the rate of wound reduction was significantly faster in the observation group. After treatment， the visual analogue scale （VAS） score of pain in the observation group was 0.86±0.91， significantly lower than that in the control group （1.25±0.51，P<0.05）.After one month of wound healing， the Vancouver scar scale （VSS） score of the observation group was 3.45±1.82， significantly lower than that of the control group（4.81±1.54，P<0.05）.Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine external treatment can shorten the treatment time of refractory wounds in the limbs， reduce the pain of patient， and inhibit scar formation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Observation of the effects of individualized comprehensive treatment in periocular rejuvenation LI Zhengbin, PAN Long, YANG Ningning, et al 2024, 20 (3):  326.  Abstract ( 63 )   PDF (2397KB) ( 84 )   Objective To observe the effects of individualized comprehensive treatment of periocular aging， and to explore a better plan for restoring the youthful state of the periocular area. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on beauty seekers from May 2018 to May 2023. A total of 522 beauty seekers who met the indications for periocular rejuvenation treatment were selected. According to their demands and actual conditions， individualized comprehensive treatment plans were formulated， including but not limited to surgery， botulinum toxin injection for wrinkle removal， autologous fat transplantation， and hyaluronic acid filling. The treatment effect was observed， and the satisfaction of the beauty seekers was evaluated 6 months after the operation. Results The total satisfaction rate of all followed-up cases （n= 522）was 97.9%. Among them，495 were very satisfied，16 were basically satisfied， and 11 were dissatisfied. There were no serious complications after the operation， and the overall shape of the periocular area presented a full and youthful state. Conclusion The individualized application of the comprehensive diagnostic and treatment plan combining injection filling and surgical operation can effectively restore the youthful appearance of the periocular area， and is being recognized by more and more beauty seekers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the efficacy of fluorescent light energy（FLE）in the treatment of chronic skin ulcers CHEN XiaoLi, LIANG Yujia, CHEN Shandan, et al 2024, 20 (3):  331.  Abstract ( 57 )   PDF (3893KB) ( 90 )   Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of fluorescent light energy （FLE） combined with comprehensive nursing intervention in treating chronic skin ulcers （CSUs）.Methods From October 2020 to March 2023，5patients with CSU were enrolled and treated with FLE combined with standardized comprehensive nursing intervention. Each patient was debrided before treatment. The FLE system consists of Lumiheal® medical wound gel dressing （Hunan Klox Pharmaceutical Co.， Ltd.） and mitochondrial photon therapy device （Hunan Klox Pharmaceutical Co.， Ltd.）.During treatment， freshly prepared Lumiheal® medical wound gel dressing was applied to the local skin lesion with a thickness of about 2 mm， and then the mitochondrial photon therapy device （light power density≥40 mW/cm2 ） was adjusted to a distance of 5 cm from the wound surface， and luminated for 5 minutes. FLE treatment was applied twice a week for 6 consecutive times with comprehensive nursing intervention. The clinical efficacy， safety， and patient satisfaction of wound healing and tissue remodeling were evaluated after the treatment. Results The healing rate of 5 patients was 100%， the satisfaction rate of patients and their families was 100%， and no obvious adverse reactions were observed during treatment. Conclusion FLE therapy combined with comprehensive nursing intervention can shorten the healing time of ulcers， reduce economic loss， reduce overall medical expenses and improve patient satisfaction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of infrared thermal imaging combined with Braden evaluation form in preventing stage 1 pressure injury in severe burned patients SHEN Xiaoxian, ZHOU Zengding, LIU Jianming, et al 2024, 20 (3):  332.  Abstract ( 69 )   PDF (959KB) ( 19 )   Objective Using the infrared thermal imaging system combined with the Braden pressure injury risk assessment form to identify the potential risk of first-stage pressure injury in burn patients undergoing bed turning treatment， and to clarify the role and advantages of infrared thermal imaging in preventing first-stage pressure injury in severe burn patients. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 34 patients with severe burn treated from January 2023 to December 2023 were collected， including 26 males and 8 females， aged 20 to 60 years old， all of whom were treated by turning over bed regularly， and the patients were divided into Braden assessment group （Braden assessment form only，n= 17） and the combined assessment group （infrared thermography and Braden assessment form，n=17）.General clinical data were collected at the time of admission. In addition， within 1 week after the patient was admitted to the hospital for 1 month， the number of flipping times and the time of hip massage were adjusted every day according to the assessment of hip pressure injury. The total number of flipping times and the total time of hip massage in 1 week were recorded in the two groups， and the data were statistically analyzed. Results Compared with Braden assessment group， the combined assessment group had significant statistical significance in reducing the number of flipping times and shortening the time of hip massage （P<0.05）.There was 1 case （1/17） of decubitus buttocks in both groups， and there was no statistical difference in the probability of pressure injury （P>0.05）.Conclusion Compared to using the Braden assessment form alone， the infrared thermal imaging combined with the Braden assessment form to monitor the compressed area of the buttocks in sever burn patients treated with flipping beds， can more accurately and timely detect the potential occurrence of stage 1 pressure injury； In addition， it can significantly reduce the number of flipping times and the time of hip massage， alleviate the workload of nursing staff， and has certain clinical application value. Related Articles | Metrics

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Status and influencing factors of stigma in patients with port wine stains in the head and neck JIANG Yan, Ran Xuehui, LIN Xiaoxi, et al 2024, 20 (3):  335.  Abstract ( 120 )   PDF (1050KB) ( 45 )   Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of stigma in patients with port wine stains （PWS） in the head and neck. Methods Using the convenient sampling method，113 patients with PWS in the head and neck from August 2022 to December 2022 were recruited. The general demographic data questionnaire， stigma scale for chronic illness （SSCI）， social impact scale （SIS） and self-esteem scale （SES） were used to conduct a questionnaire survey. Results The SSCI score of patients with PWS was 50.61±22.2， and the SIS score was 48.71±15.17. Single-factor analysis of variance showed that the influencing factors of stigma were education level， monthly income， treatment times， lesion location， and lesion size （P<0.05）； The SES score of patients with PWS was 24.75±4.92， and single-factor analysis of variance showed that the influencing factors of self-esteem were monthly income and job absence （P<0.05）.SSCI scores andSIS scores were negatively correlated with SES scores （P<0.01）.Conclusion Patients with PWS had a moderate level of stigma and a low level of self-esteem. Both chronic illness stigma and social impact stigma are significantly negatively correlated with the level of self-esteem. Medical staff should provide appropriate guidance to patients during treatment， enhancing patients’ confidence and guiding patients to face the disease positively， and meanwhile， call on the public to give more concern to patients with chronic skin diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of enhanced recovery after surgery concept in perioperative nutritional management of patients with dental and maxillofacial malformations· ZHENG Jiali, ZHANG Qin, WANG Xudong, et al 2024, 20 (3):  344.  Abstract ( 52 )   PDF (981KB) ( 23 )   Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of enhanced recovery after surgery （ERAS） in the perioperative nutritional management of patients with dentofacial malformations. Methods Retrospective analysis of personal basic information， general clinical data， and nutritional indexes of orthognathic surgery patients who underwent orthognathic surgery from July 2023 to December 2023 was performed. A total of 79 patients who accepted ERAS interventions were selected， and 79 non-ERAS patients were matched using propensity score matching. Propensity score matching was used to control confounders，t-test，χ2 test and multifactorial analyses were used to assess the effects of ERAS measures on postoperative nutritional status indicators in orthognathic patients. Results After propensity score matching， no statistical  difference was found in general data （P>0.05）.The median age of the patients was 23（21，28） years old. Female patients accounted for a higher proportion （63.3%）.Among the reasons for seeking medical treatment， the proportion of patients seeking medical treatment only for functional reasons and only for facial reasons was 1∶7.7. And 95.6% of the patients had a college degree or higher. Less than 10% of patients had both underlying diseases and medication history. The results of perioperative nutritional risk screening showed that 19% of patients were at nutritional risk preoperatively and 27.8% were at nutritional risk postoperatively. The postoperative weight loss of patients was （1.40±2.02） kg. Statistical analysis of the postoperative nutritional status indicators in the ERAS and non-ERAS groups showed significant differences in the postoperative laboratory indexes （hemoglobin value）， food-intake on the day of surgery， food-intake on the first day after surgery， food-intake on the second day after surgery， and the total food-intake in the postoperative period （P<0.05） .Multiple regression analysis showed that gender and the reason for the surgery were the factors influencing the hemoglobin value on the first postoperative day. Conclusion Postoperative nutritional risk is increased in orthognathic patients， and ERAS can improve some postoperative nutrition-related indexes in patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the effect of continuous care on the adverse reactions after cosmetic injection of hyaluronic acid HE Minmin, MAO Yueli 2024, 20 (3):  351.  Abstract ( 47 )   PDF (937KB) ( 18 )   Objective To investigate the effect of continuous care on the adverse reactions after cosmetic injection of hyaluronic acid. Methods A total of 80 patients who received hyaluronic acid injection for cosmetic treatment from January 2022 to January 2023 were randomly divided into two groups according to computer digital table method， with 40 cases in each group. The control group was given routine care， and the experimental group was given continuous care. The selfefficacy score， incidence of adverse reactions， the aesthetic scores were compared between the two groups. Results After nursing， the self-efficacy score in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.After nursing， the incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was 5.00%，which was lower than 20.00% in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.After nursing，the aesthetic scores in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）.Conclusion Continuous nursing can improve the self-efficacy of patients with hyaluronic acidinjection， thus reducing adverse reactions and improving the cosmetic effect， which is worth promoting. Related Articles | Metrics

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Sterilization methods for biomaterials in biomedical applications WU Ke, ZHANG Guo, ZHOU Muran, et al 2024, 20 (3):  354.  Abstract ( 42 )   PDF (1846KB) ( 585 )   From the first generation of inert materials to the third generation of active materials， biomaterials have developed rapidly in recent years， showing great application prospects in biomedicine， but its effective sterilization has become increasingly difficult. Effective sterilization and disinfection of biomaterials are essential to achieve clinical transformation. This review summarized the classical and emerging sterilization methods for biomaterials and the impact of these sterilization technologies on the physicochemical properties of biomaterials. This review also discussed the sterilization effect， toxicity， and problems in the practical application of various methods， intending to provide a reference for the selection of sterilization methods in the research of biomaterials. Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent advances of multiomics approaches for pathologic scars ZHENG Hongkun, SHAN Shengzhou, JI Xiangyang, et al 2024, 20 (3):  362.  Abstract ( 62 )   PDF (984KB) ( 129 )   Pathologic scars， including keloids and hypertrophic scars， not only affect aesthetics but also compromise patients' daily lives and psychological well-being. Despite recent progress in understanding the pathogenesis of pathologic scars， effective treatments remain a challenge. In this paper， the research advancements of multi-omics approaches for pathologic scars were summarized， encompassing genomics， epigenomics， transcriptomics， proteomics， metabolomics， and single-cell omics. By providing a comprehensive overview of these cutting-edge techniques， the review aimed to inspire novel therapeutic strategies for the management of pathologic scars. Related Articles | Metrics

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Etiology and treatment of intracranial hypertension secondary to craniosynostosis ZANG Tianying, TANG Xiaojun 2024, 20 (3):  368.  Abstract ( 50 )   PDF (995KB) ( 60 )   Craniosynostosis is a common craniofacial malformation， which incidence rate ranks second in congenital craniofacial skeletal malformations. In addition to appearance deformity and dysfunction， intracranial hypertension is also a common complication， which may cause serious clinical consequences such as vomiting， papilledema， brain hernia， death and so on. Therefore， early screening， risk assessment of intracranial hypertension， pathogenesis research and clinical treatment of children with craniosynostosis are very important. In this paper， the pathogenesis， clinical symptoms， diagnosis， treatment， risk assessment and prevention of intracranial hypertension secondary to craniosynostosis were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the etiology and surgical methods of question mark ear HE Bei, ZHANG Qingguo 2024, 20 (3):  375.  Abstract ( 55 )   PDF (931KB) ( 63 )   Question mark ear is a congenital malformation that is characterized by an abnormal shape of the lower middle part of the auricle. It typically presents as an interruption of the natural continuation between the posterior helix and the lobule， with varying degrees of incision or complete separation. It also can be accompanied by a significant prominence of the upper auricle， so it is also called butterfly-shape ear in our country. Question mark ear can exist in three forms： Sporadic， familial， and one of the features of the Auriculocondylar syndrome. The etiology is not yet clear， but most studies suggest that the EDN1-EDNRA-DLX signaling pathway associated with pharyngeal arch development and mandibular differentiation may be an important cause. Surgery is the fundamental method to correct this malformation. In this article， the research progress on the etiology and surgical methods of question mark ear was reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances of facial skin typing methods  CHEN Zixuan, ZHANG Zheng, ZHANG Yixin 2024, 20 (3):  378.  Abstract ( 70 )   PDF (954KB) ( 290 )   Skin typing is a common method for describing skin characteristics. Traditional skin typing methods （such as the Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype and Baumann Skin Typing） have their own advantages and disadvantages. However， the above skin typing methods rely on subjective judgement， lacking quantitative analysis of skin objective parameters. In recent years， the measurement technology of objective parameters such as sebum secretion and transepidermal water loss has made great progress， making it possible to describe skin types with objective parameters. Additionally， image recognition technology based on facial photos can extract facial skin features and provide a basis for skin typing. This article reviewed subjective skin typing methods， skin objective parameter detection， and skin analysis technology based on image recognition， and discussed the development process of skin typing from qualitative-quantitative-visualization， in order to provide a theoretical basis for objective and precise skin typing in the future. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on the mechanism of skin aging caused by ultraviolet radiation CHEN Heng, WANG Jue, ZHOU Xu 2024, 20 (3):  382.  Abstract ( 160 )   PDF (992KB) ( 1841 )   Skin exposed to sunlight for a long period of time will have impaired function and even genetic material alteration， which is manifested by aging characteristics such as water loss， elasticity loss， wrinkle growth， melanin deposition and dryness. There are many ways to cause skin photoaging and the mechanism is complex， the ultraviolet light in sunlight has a particularly obvious effect on skin aging， the ultraviolet light that can act on the skin is divided into two kinds： UVA and UVB. They mainly act on the skin through five mechanisms that lead to photoaging： oxidative stress， damaging genetic material， changing the epidermal microbial community， destroying the function and structure of organelles， and reshaping the extracellular matrix （ECM）.In this paper， these five mechanisms were reviewed， and research directions and prospects in this field were proposed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussion on talent cultivation of plastic surgery in the new era ZHANG Hanrui, HUANG Xin, LI Qingfeng, et al 2024, 20 (3):  388.  Abstract ( 132 )   PDF (927KB) ( 74 )   Plastic surgery is a specialized branch of surgery that has two main development directions： Reconstructive plastic surgery and aesthetic plastic surgery. In recent years， there has been a growing inclination among young doctors to prioritize aesthetic plastic surgery over reconstructive surgery， which has hindered the sustainable development of plastic surgery. Meanwhile， emerging technology has provided new opportunities for talent cultivation. The education model for young doctors should advance with time. Therefore， the recommendations such as strengthening medical history education， guiding correct understanding， and innovating teaching models， have been proposed to improve the quality and efficiency of talent cultivation. These efforts aim to cultivate highly qualified talents with strong professional skills and a sense of responsibility， who can adapt to the development needs of the discipline. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of teaching design and methods in plastic surgery under the background of ideological and political education  WU Wei, DI Meihua, LIU Qian, et al 2024, 20 (3):  391.  Abstract ( 51 )   PDF (946KB) ( 26 )   Plastic surgery， as a medical field covering a wide range of clinical techniques and theoretical knowledge， faces the challenge of combining professional courses with ideological and political education effectively under the background of the current medical education reform. Through the in-depth analysis of the plastic surgery course， this paper aimed to explore how to organically integrate the course content with ideological and political education in order to promote the all round development of students. This article took "Androgenic alopecia" as an example to explain how to integrate ideological and political elements into professional teaching in order to cultivate medical talents with both professional knowledge and social responsibility consciousness. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of teaching design and methods in plastic surgery under the background of ideological and political education  WU Wei, DI Meihua, LIU Qian, et al 2024, 20 (3):  421.  Abstract ( 61 )   PDF (946KB) ( 36 )   Plastic surgery， as a medical field covering a wide range of clinical techniques and theoretical knowledge， faces the challenge of combining professional courses with ideological and political education effectively under the background of the current medical education reform. Through the in-depth analysis of the plastic surgery course， this paper aimed to explore how to organically integrate the course content with ideological and political education in order to promote the all round development of students. This article took "Androgenic alopecia" as an example to explain how to integrate ideological and political elements into professional teaching in order to cultivate medical talents with both professional knowledge and social responsibility consciousness. Related Articles | Metrics