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30 April 2024, Volume 20 Issue 2 Previous Issue   

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Low-level laser therapy for androgenetic alopecia ；A consensus among chinese experts Hair Medicine Branch of the Chinese Society of Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery, Chinese Non-government Medical Institutions Association Dermatology Branch Hair Medicine and Scalp Health Management Professional 2024, 20 (2):  157.  Abstract ( 5 )   PDF (959KB) ( 6 )   Low-level laser therapy for androgenetic alopecia has been used clinically for over ten years， with definite efficacy and high safety. A variety of low-level laser devices have been approved and marketed domestically， and are widely used in clinical settings， yet there are currently no unified usage standards. This consensus compiled and summarized relevant guidelines and clinical research from both domestic and international sources in recent years， providing a reference for the correct selection and use of low-level laser therapy for androgenetic alopecia in clinical practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Expert consensus on rehabilitation of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita YU Qinyuan, WANG Bin, SHEN Weimin, et a（l 2024, 20 (2):  160.  Abstract ( 5 )   PDF (20694KB) ( 3 )   Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a disease that affects multiple parts of the body， causing contracture and deformity. It has a high disability rate and severely affects the daily life of patients. This consensus is based on evidence based medicine and has been repeatedly discussed by a national expert group on limb deformities. In combination with recent domestic and foreign research results， personalized rehabilitation strategies have been developed for AMC patients based on the progressive precision rehabilitation concept， standardizing the rehabilitation process and formulating comprehensive rehabilitation management standards， effectively improving the rehabilitation effectiveness of patients. This consensus mainly includes rehabilitation goals， composition and responsibilities of the rehabilitation team， rehabilitation treatment methods， rehabilitation engineering technology， and regular follow-up， which can be used as a reference and application for clinical physicians， rehabilitation physicians， rehabilitation therapists， rehabilitation engineers， nurse practitioners， etc. for reference and application in their work. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on preparation and biocompatibility of chitosan-collagen scaffold WANG Buyu, TANG Dongxu, LUO Yanfei, et al 2024, 20 (2):  176.  Abstract ( 8 )   PDF (5813KB) ( 4 )   Objective To prepare osteochondral tissue engineering materials by mixing chitosan （CS） and collagen （Col）， and their physical properties and biological safety were tested， so as to provide a biological scaffold material for the repair of osteochondral injury. Methods The three groups of mixed scaffolds of CS and Col were made by vacuum freeze drying method in different proportions. The porosity， water absorption expansion rate， hot water dissolution rate and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were detected. The scaffold structure was observed by scanning electron microscope， and its cytotoxicity and biocompatibility were detected by CCK-8 method， F-actin staining method， and Live/Read cell staining method. Results The scaffolds were white and regular cylinders， and all three groups of scaffolds had good porosity， water absorption expansion rate， hot water dissolution rate and mechanical properties. Scanning electron microscopy showed that all three groups of scaffolds had good porous grid structure， and the physical properties were the best when CS︰ Col was 1︰3. The results of CCK-8 method showed that， compared with the control group， there was no obvious growth inhibition in the three groups within a certain time （P>0.05） . The results of F-actin staining showed that the cells in each group were uniform in size， the cytoskeleton was regular in shape， and the nucleus was not stained and broken. After DAPI staining， it was found that the cells grew and distributed well in the scaffold. Live/Read cell testing revealed that all three groups of scaffolds had no cytotoxicity to cells， and there was no significant difference in cell viability among the three groups of scaffolds （P>0.05） . Conclusion CS-Col composite scaffold has good biocompatibility and physical properties， and it is a potential tissue engineering material for osteochondrosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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The establishment of granulomatous mastitis rat model MA Lina, WU Jingjing, CHEN Hongfeng 2024, 20 (2):  184.  Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (4529KB) ( 7 )   Objective To establish a rat model of granulomatous mastitis through the combination of gastrin-induced elevation of serum lactogen and rat milk injection， and to analyze and evaluate the value of each modeling factor and index on the model， and to explore an animal model that better fits the characteristics of the disease. Methods Sixteen adult female Wistar rats were divided into two groups：6 rats in the normal control group and 10 rats in the model group. The normal control group was not given any special treatment. Rats in the model group were injected subcutaneously with gastrin for 2 weeks， and the rats were injected locally with a suspension （milk plus adjuvant） on the 1st，7th and 14th days respectively. The changes in body weight and mammary mass size were measured once a week. Serum prolactin levels were detected by ELISA before， at the 2nd and 4th week of modeling. After the rats were executed， the histopathological changes of mammary glands were observed by HE staining. The serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were measured by high-throughput liquid-phase protein microarray assay before and after modeling. Results After modeling， the skin and breast lumps of the model rats showed similar clinical manifestations as those of patients with granulomatous mastitis. In terms of serum prolactin level， the PRL level of the model group was higher than that of the normal control group at week 2（P<0.001）； The PRL level of the model group was still higher than that of the normal control group at week 4（P<0.01）. In terms of pathomorphology， some of the masses were visible as acne-like material to the naked eye， and microscopically the lesion areas were seen as multifocal scattered distribution of epithelioid cells constituting granulomatous nodules with a variety of inflammatory cell infiltrates， mainly lymphocytes， and foamy histiocytes， plasma cells， multinucleated giant cells and macrophages. The levels of serum interleukin 1β（IL-1β） and interleukin 6（IL-6） after modeling were higher than before modeling （P<0.01）. Conclusion  Gastrin-induced elevation of serum lactogen combined with rat milk injection can successfully establish granulomatous mastitis model after 4 weeks of modeling. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of influencing factors and risk prediction model of hyperplastic scar HAO Zijia, XING Qian, HU Dandan, et a（l 2024, 20 (2):  190.  Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1406KB) ( 2 )   Objective To explore the influencing factors of hyperplastic scar and establish a risk prediction model. Methods From April 2021 to April 2023， 102 patients with hyperplastic scar treated in our hospital were selected as hyperplastic scar group， and 102 patients without hyperplastic scar were selected as control group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared， random forest algorithm was used to screen variables， and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the formation of hyperplastic scar. The sensitivity of the research results was analyzed by correlation E-value method. The value of β in the results of multifactor analysis was substituted into the regression equation y=1－1 / （ 1+e-z）， and the prediction model was established and its prediction efficiency was evaluated. Results A total of 9 variables were selected by random forest algorithm. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≤ 30 years old， scar history， family scar history， history of poor wound healing， spicy eating habits， wound type of burn， and elevated level of transforming growth factor β1（ TGF-β1） were risk factors for hyperplastic scar formation. Scar prevention measures and the increase of tumor necrosis factor-α（ TNF-α） level were protective factors. E=1.984， with a 95% CI lower limit of 1.216， the sensitivity of the research results was relatively high. When the probability of hypertrophic scar formation predicted by the model was 0.85， the Youden's J statistic was the highest （74.38）， and the prediction effect was the best. The prediction accuracy， sensitivity and specificity were 89.03%，85.73% and 88.65% respectively. The area under the ROCcurve of the subjects was 0.847（95% CI：0.782-0.913， P<0.001）， indicating good differentiation. The results of the cross over experiment showed that the fitting degree of the model parameters in the training and validation sets was high  （Nagelkerke R2=0.602）， and the model was relatively stable. Conclusion Age， scar history， dietary habits， and serum  inflammatory factor levels are related to the formation of hypertrophic scars. Personalized intervention measures should be  taken in clinical practice to reduce the rate of hypertrophic scar formation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Multivariate analysis of capsular contracture after breast augmentation with prosthesis WANG Xiaopeng, WANG Yun, JING Chong 2024, 20 (2):  199.  Abstract ( 4 )   PDF (993KB) ( 5 )   Objective To explore the related factors of capsular contracture of prosthetic breast augmentation. Methods A retrospective controlled study was used to analyze the clinical data of 227 patients who underwent breast augmentation with silicone gel prosthesis from April 2019 to January 2020. According to whether capsule contracture occurred， the patients were divided into capsule contracture group and control group， followed up for 24 months. The age， BMI， smoking history， lactation history， surgical approach， prosthesis brand and surface properties， whether prosthesis was too large， whether endoscope was used， drainage volume and hematoma between the two groups were compared， and regression analysis was performed for the factors with significant correlation. Results There were no significant differences in age， BMI， lactation history， surgical approach， brand of prosthesis， surface traits of prosthesis， whether to use endoscope or not and drainage volume between the two groups （P>0.05） . Smoking history， oversized prosthesis and hematoma were significantly correlated with the occurrence of capsular contracture （P<0.05） . Logistic regression analysis showed that after correcting the surgical approach， prosthesis surface properties and whether or not to use endoscopy， smoking history （OR=2.968， 95%CI： 1.385- 6.365）， oversized prosthesis （OR=6.028， 95%CI： 2.448-14.845） and hematoma （OR=14.560， 95%CI： 1.783-118.922） were still positively correlated with capsular contracture. Conclusion Smoking history， excessive prosthesis selection and hematoma increase the incidence of capsular contracture， and the specific mechanism needs further study. Related Articles | Metrics

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Modification of the retroauricular fascia flap and its application in staged auricular reconstruction LI Yiyuan, ZHANG Ruhong 2024, 20 (2):  205.  Abstract ( 3 )   PDF (2545KB) ( 2 )   Objective To evaluate histomorphometric features of the retroauricular fascia and geometrically re-design a novel fascia flap to improve the posterior appearance of reconstructed ear and reduce complications after ear elevation. Methods The thickness of retroauricular fascia was measured by ultrasound in 16 patients. The posterosuperior auricular fascia flap was designed by geometry. And the method was applied in 125 cases of ear elevation. Results The fascia layer thickness increased from superior to inferior. By using posterosuperior auricular fascia flap， the surgical procedure became easier， the posterior appearance of reconstructed ear was more natural after operation， and the incidence of postauricular hypertrophic scarring and partial skin graft necrosis also decreased. Conclusion The modified posterosuperior auricular fascia flap designed to maximize the use of the posterior fascia tissue of the parietal side is superior to the traditional retroauricular fascia flap in terms of surgical effect and reduction of postoperative complications. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine surgical technology combined with Zhangpi ointment in postoperative wound repair WANG Yongling, LI Song, SUN Wang, et a（l 2024, 20 (2):  208.  Abstract ( 2 )   PDF (1397KB) ( 2 )   Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine surgical technology combined with Zhangpi ointment in postoperative wound repair. Methods A retrospective collection of 65 cases of postoperative wounds was conducted， and a comprehensive treatment plan combining traditional Chinese medicine surgical techniques with Zhangpi ointment was adopted. The clinical effects were observed through self control before and after treatment. Results There were 65 cases of postoperative wounds， including 33 postoperative tumors （18 postoperative oral and maxillofacial tumors， 10 postoperative breast tumors， 3 postoperative pudendal tumors， and 2 postoperative lung cancer）， 6 postoperative Achilles tendon rupture， 6 postoperative cardiac bypass surgery， 3 postoperative lower limb internal fixation removal， 4 postoperative sebaceous cyst resection and removal， 3 postoperative anal abscesses， 2 postoperative hemangioma resection， 5 postoperative skin grafting， and 3 postoperative cesarean section. As a result， 62 cases were cured and 3 cases were ineffective. Among the ineffective cases， one was osteomyelitis， and two cases had tumor recurrence and metastasis. The shortest healing time for cured patients was 6 days， and the longest was 184 days. Conclusion The combination of traditional Chinese medicine surgical technology and Zhangpi ointment has a significant clinical effect in postoperative wound repair， which can promote postoperative wound repair and avoid reoperation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of porous high-density polyethylene in the correction of secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity WANG Zhuwei, LI Jie, XU Ligang, et a（l 2024, 20 (2):  212.  Abstract ( 5 )   PDF (3051KB) ( 2 )   Objective To explore the surgical method and clinical effect of porous high-density polyethylene in the correction of secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity. Methods From October 2017 to June 2022，32 patients with secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity received rhinoplasty using porous high-density polyethylene. The results were evaluated by analyzing the changes of nasal and facial parameters before and after surgery， the incidence of postoperative complications and the postoperative satisfaction of patients. Results The mean follow-up time of patients in this group was （20.0±6.5） months， and there were significant differences in nasal and facial parameters before and after surgery （P< 0.05） . Delayed incision healing occurred in 1 patient after surgery， and no complications occurred in other patients. The overall satisfaction rate of patients with the surgical effect was 96.9%. Conclusion Using porous high-density polyethylene to correct the nasal deformity secondary to unilateral cleft lip can obtain good and stable long-term results with high safety. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study of novel supramolecular salicylic acid technique in the treatment of acne rosacea HUANG Yan 2024, 20 (2):  216.  Abstract ( 4 )   PDF (1822KB) ( 2 )   Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of 30% supramolecular salicylic acid in the treatment of acne rosacea. Methods A total of 165 patients diagnosed with rosacea from 2019 to 2021 were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group. Among them， 85 patients in the observation group received traditional treatment combined with supramolecular salicylic acid and skin repair moisturizer. The control group of 80 patients was treated with traditional regimen. The therapeutic effect and incidence of adverse reactions were statistically analyzed in the two groups. Results Before treatment， there were no statistical differences in facial spots， red areas and pores between the two groups （P>0.05）， and after treatment， the above indexes were improved， and the observation group was better than the control group （P<0.05） . The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.65%， which was significantly higher than that of the control group （85%， P<0.05） . The incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was 17.65%， which was significantly lower than that in control group （35%， P<0.05）. Conclusion Supramolecular salicylic acid combined with traditional drugs has significant effect and low incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment of rosacea， and can be used as an adjuvant therapy for rosacea. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the correlation between general anesthesia and abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes in children LIAO Guoying, ZHONG Linhong, WANG Fan, et a（l 2024, 20 (2):  220.  Abstract ( 3 )   PDF (1019KB) ( 2 )   Objective To investigate the correlation between general anesthesia and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. Methods This retrospective cohort study included children under 3 years old who received general anesthesia in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 as the anesthesia group， and outpatient or inpatient children aged 3 to 6 years old who did not receive general anesthesia during September 2022 to August 2023 as the control group. From September 2022 to August 2023， the study population was assessed for abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes by the mental developmental screening test （DST） at 0-6 years of age. The DST evaluated gross motor， fine motor， language， adaptive behavior， and social and self-care. The t-tests were conducted to compare scores on different dimensions between the two groups. Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between general anesthesia and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes after adjusting for con-founders. Stratified analyses were conducted to explore the impact of general anesthesia on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children based on different age ranges of exposure. Results A total of 336 children participated in the study， with 132 in the control group and 204 in the anesthesia group. The testing age was  （4.8±1.2） years in both the control and anesthesia groups， and there was no statistically significant difference （P>0.05） .Compared with control group， children in the anesthesia group had lower scores in fine motor， adaptive behavior， language， and social and self-care， with statistically significant difference （P<0.05）. After adjusting for con-founders， the effects of anesthesia on the adaptive behavior and language remained significant （P<0.05）. Stratification analysis according to the age at the time of anesthesia showed that general anesthesia at 0-1 year old was associated with lower scores of adaptive behavior and social and self-care factors （P<0.05）， and general anesthesia at 2 to 3 years old was associated with lower language factor scores （P<0.05）. Conclusion Exposure to general anesthesia at an early age （<3 years old） is associated with poor neurocognition in adaptive behavior and language. General anesthesia at different ages has different effects on the development of specific nerve functional areas. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing model in sequential treatment of cleft lip and palate CAO Xuanjun, TANG Ying, YAN Minx 2024, 20 (2):  227.  Abstract ( 4 )   PDF (954KB) ( 2 )   Objective To explore the application effect of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing model in the sequential treatment of children with cleft lip and palate. Methods From January 2021 to December 2021， 100 children with congenital cleft lip and palate were selected. The patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 50 cases in each group. The control group was given routine care， while the observation group was given multidisciplinary collaborative nursing model on the basis of routine care. The nursing ability and satisfaction of family members were compared between the two groups. Results The nursing ability score and the satisfaction of family members in the observation group which adopting the multidisciplinary collaborative nursing model were better than those in the control group （P<0.05） . Conclusion In the treatment of children with congenital cleft lip and palate， the multidisciplinary collaboration nursing model can effectively improve the quality of family care and parents’ satisfaction with the quality of care. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on individualized comprehensive nursing during perioperative period of nasal skin mass resection LIU Lanjun, HOU Lili, XU Hui, et al 2024, 20 (2):  230.  Abstract ( 4 )   PDF (2994KB) ( 2 )   Objective To explore the effect of individualized comprehensive nursing in perioperative period of nasal mass resection. Methods A total of 100 patients with nasal masses ≤2 cm in diameter treated from June 2020 to August 2021 were selected as the study objects， and the methods and effects of individualized nursing during perioperative period of nasal mass resection were summarized and analyzed. Results In all cases， the incision was good in appearance， normal in function， symmetrical in appearance， and no complications. After 1 year follow-up， there was no recurrence of the tumor and no obvious scar. The total satisfaction rate was 99%. Conclusion Individualized comprehensive nursing can alleviate patients' negative emotions， promote high-quality wound healing and improve scar quality， and is worthy of clinical application and promotion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on vascularization strategy of bone tissue engineering graft ZHANG Yifan, ZHANG Guo, WANG Zhenxing, et a（l 2024, 20 (2):  234.  Abstract ( 5 )   PDF (1008KB) ( 3 )   Bone tissue engineering is a promising method for repairing large-scale bone defects. Bone is a dynamic and highly vascularized tissue， and the formation of vascular tissue in an appropriate time is the key to ensure the survival， repair and remodeling of bone graft， as well as one of the main challenges of bone tissue engineering. In this paper， the research progress of vascularization of bone tissue engineering grafts from the perspective of the significance of vascularization and strategies based on seed cells， angiogenic factors， scaffold structure， immune regulation， and prevascularization was reviewed . Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of three-dimensional functional skin model construction in vitro LI Yang, XI Taotao, ZHANG Bo, et al 2024, 20 (2):  240.  Abstract ( 5 )   PDF (1034KB) ( 3 )   Tissue engineering technology has been widely used in tissue and organ repair and has become an important method of regenerative medicine technique. The appearance of tissue engineering skin provides a new method for the treatment of large-area cutaneous defect in clinic. Because of the complicated skin-structure， it is an enormous challenge to building a functional three-dimensional skin tissue engineering model to simulate or replace the original skin. Based on this， from the aspects of cell types and sources， techniques， types， applications and prospects of skin tissue engineering models， the latest progress of in vitro 3D functional skin tissue model construction was reviewed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of ideal skin tissue model. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in molecular mechanisms of pathological scar formation JIA Yuxin, XU Heng, ZHANG Yixin 2024, 20 (2):  248.  Abstract ( 5 )   PDF (1007KB) ( 3 )   Related Articles | Metrics

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The pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for congenital melanocytic nevi LI Dongdong, WANG Bin 2024, 20 (2):  254.  Abstract ( 6 )   PDF (1226KB) ( 2 )   Congenital melanocytic nevus is a common skin developmental abnormality that can occur in any part of the body where melanocytes are present. Its occurrence is closely related to somatic cell mutations， regulated by multiple signaling pathways， and has diverse clinical manifestations. Surgical excision and dilator are still the main treatments for CMN， and laser therapy is a powerful mean to eliminate pigmentation and remove satellite lesions. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are becoming a new direction for the treatment of congenital melanin giant nevi. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in molecular genetics of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans DENG Yuqi, LIANG Xiao, SUN Di, et al 2024, 20 (2):  260.  Abstract ( 3 )   PDF (995KB) ( 2 )   Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans （DFSP）， one of the most common skin sarcomas， lacks specific clinical and radiological features and exhibits complex histopathology. It is characterized by slow and irregular infiltration of surrounding tissues， and surgical resection is the primary treatment modality. Currently， DFSP presents clinical challenges in terms of high misdiagnosis and recurrence rates， necessitating the development of specific diagnostic markers and effective therapeutic targets. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive review of the latest molecular genetics advancements in DFSP， with the goal of offering new insights for its diagnosis and treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Skin characteristics and nursing after photoelectric injury DONG Jiying, HAN Shuqing, LU Nan, et al 2024, 20 (2):  265.  Abstract ( 8 )   PDF (986KB) ( 3 )   Photoelectric therapy plays a role in treating diseases and skin beauty by starting the process of skin wound repair. This paper summarized the changes in the acute skin injury period after different types of photoelectric therapy， the process and characteristics of skin injury repair after surgery， and the principles of skin care after surgery， in order to reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions and accelerate skin repair after surgery， reduce downtime， and improve patient satisfaction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Reflection and practice on the curriculum ideological and political construction path of postgraduate laser medicine course MA Gang, WU Xiaojin, LU Wenli, et a（l 2024, 20 (2):  270.  Abstract ( 4 )   PDF (951KB) ( 2 )   Integrating ideological and political education into medical courses is an important way to cultivate medical professional ethics and spirit. Laser medicine is an emerging interdisciplinary field. In the teaching practice of laser medicine， it is necessary to deeply excavating the ideological and political elements in the curriculum， improve the level of ideological and political construction in the curriculum， and enhance the humanistic quality of medical graduate students. At the same time， we should also pay attention to the cultivation of teachers' ideological and political education ability， improve the quality of laser medicine teaching， so as to train more laser medicine talents with both morality and talent for the country. Related Articles | Metrics