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01 April 2022, Volume 18 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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p53 modRNA promoting the maturation of hiPSC-derived early cardiomyocytes　 CHEN Ying, YANG Li, GONG Yiqi, et al 2022, 18 (2):  89.  Abstract ( 268 )   PDF (3320KB) ( 161 )   【Abstract】　Objective　To explore the effect of p53modRNA on promoting the maturation of early cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Methods　The early cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells were treated with p53 modRNA. The expression of cardiomyocyte maturation related gene mRNA was detected by qRT-PCR, the expression of cardiomyocyte maturation related protein was detected by Western blot, and the morphology and sarcomere development of cardiomyocytes were observed by cell immunofluorescence staining. Results　The results of qRT-PCR showed that after p53 modRNA treatment, the expression of cardiomyocyte proliferation-related genes decreased, the level of lipid metabolism increased, and the expression of myocardial specific genes increased, suggesting that the intracellular structure of cardiomyocytes may be more mature. The results of Western blot showed that the expression of cTnI protein in the transfeetion group was higher than that in the non-transfection group. The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that compared with the non-transfection group, the morphology of cells in the transfection group tended to be long rod type, and the sarcomere of cardiomyocytes was arranged more neatly and abundantly, which was closer to the morphology of mature cardiomyocytes. Conclusion　Early cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells treated with p53 modRNA can improve the related indexes of cell maturation to some extent. Related Articles | Metrics

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Intralesional bleomycin injection for localized verrucous venous malformations　 LEE Hanyu, CHANG Shihjen, QIU Yajing, et al 2022, 18 (2):  99.  Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (921KB) ( 101 )   【Abstract】　Objective　To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intralesional bleomycin injection for verrucous venous malformation (VVM). Methods　This prospective study included 18 VVM patients (16 localized lesions and 2 diffuse lesions) treated with intralesional bleomycin injection in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from 2016 to 2022. Treatment outcomes were assessed by 3 experienced clinicians according to before-and-after photographs (primary outcome) and MRI or Doppler ultrasound examinations (secondary outcome). Adverse events and side effects were observed during follow-up. Results　An excellent response was seen in 77.8%(14/18) of patients, and no response in 22.2%(4/18) of patients. Both the diffuse lesions had no response. The excellent response rate among localized VVMs was 87.5%(14/16). No severe complications were a result of intralesional bleomycin therapy. Conclusion　Intralesional bleomycin injection reduces the surface area and volume of localized VVMs and is an effective treatment in localized VVM lesions.  Related Articles | Metrics

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The application of enzyme digestion without filtration in the isolation of fibroblasts　 SU Zhiguo, FAN Jincai, LIU Liqiang, et al（） 2022, 18 (2):  103.  Abstract ( 270 )   PDF (1699KB) ( 186 )   Objective　To explore a simple and efficient method for the isolation of fibroblasts, and to evaluate the outcomes of fibroblasts isolation using enzyme digestion without filtration from keloids. Methods　Keloid tissues were divided into three parts with the same volume, and cells were isolated using enzyme digestion without filtration, traditional enzyme digestion and tissue cultivation respectively. Cell growth was observed and the time required for cells to coat 80% of the bottom of the cell culture flasks was recorded. In addition, the cell proliferation and the function of collagen secretion in each group were detected and compared. Results　In the group of enzyme digestion without filtration, there were small bud-like adherent cells swimming out from the tissue debris in only 2-3 days after plating and the single adherent cells grew well. The time required for cells to coat 80% of the bottom of the flasks in this group was 3.25±0.89 days, less than that in the traditional enzyme digestion group, and 9.50±1.64 days less than that in the tissue cultivation group (P<0.01). Contamination was not found in all groups. There were no significant differences in the growth rate of 24-hour cell proliferation activity and the hydroxyproline content among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion　Enzyme digestion without filtration contains fewer steps and is easy to operate, which will not increase the rate of contamination or influence the cell viability or the function of collagen secretion. It is an efficient method for fibroblasts extraction and worth spreading. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and biological properties of double crosslinked high strength silk fibroin hydrogel DU Lin, LU Wenli, ZHANG Xiaoxu, et al（ 2022, 18 (2):  108.  Abstract ( 264 )   PDF (1398KB) ( 386 )   Objective　To construct a high strength and stable silk fibroin hydrogel by a simple method. Methods　Based on the special cross-linking structure of silk fibroin, the internal structure of hydrogel was increased based on the structure of double tyrosine cross-linking and β-sheet cross-linking networks. A stable high strength silk fibroin hydrogel was constructed and the electron microscopic morphology and mechanical properties of the hydrogel were tested. In addition, the biological properties of the hydrogel, including cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and cell adhesion, were also studied. Results　Double crosslinked hydrogels could be easily cross-linked without chemical modification. The prepared silk fibroin hydrogel had more stable mechanical properties and did not spontaneously transform into rigid. The experiment showed that the hydrogel had no cytotoxicity and maintained high cell viability. Conclusion　The new crosslinking method demonstrates great potential in the preparation of high-strength elastic silk fibroin hydrogel and its application in biomedicine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of low skin paddle pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in repairing the deep soft tissue defect of the shoulder, back and upper limb YU Mingwei, WANG Min, WANG Qian, et al 2022, 18 (2):  111.  Abstract ( 232 )   PDF (1247KB) ( 291 )   Objective　To explore the clinical application of low skin paddle pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in repairing deep soft tissue defects of the shoulder, back or upper limb. Methods　From Dec. 2017 to Jun. 2021, 10 patients were enrolled. The defects were located in the shoulder (n=3), back (n=5) and upper limb(n=2), and were all repaired by the low skin paddle pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap. The myocutaneous flaps were harvested at the outer-lower margin of latissimus dorsi muscle. The donor sites were sutured directly or repaired by skin graft. Results　Eight flaps survived completely, two had partial necrosis. The donor flap incision healed well and the graft skin survived. Follow-up observation showed that the appearance of skin flap area was satisfactory in 8 cases and poor in 2 cases. Postoperative shoulder function did not affect daily life. Conclusion　Low skin paddle pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap can achieve satisfactory outcome for repairing the deep soft tissue defect in the shoulder, back or upper limb. It can preserve most of the function of shoulder and is worth of recommendation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of V-Y advancement flap in the repair of soft tissue defects in distal fingers　 CHEN Fengchao, HOU Junjie, LIU Chang 2022, 18 (2):  115.  Abstract ( 304 )   PDF (568KB) ( 245 )   Objective　To explore the application of V-Y advancement flap in the repair of soft tissue defects in distal fingers. Methods　From April 2017 to June 2021, 8 patients with skin and soft tissue defects of the distal finger were repaired with V-Y advancement flaps. The skin and soft tissue defects of the distal finger, the size and design method of the flap, and the recovery of the function and shape of the distal fingers were reviewed and analyzed in each case. Results　The skin and soft tissue defects in the distal finger of the enrolled patients were all repaired, the flaps survived well, the function and appearance of the end of the fingers were basically satisfactory after the operation, and the scar was not obvious. Conclusion　The application of V-Y advancement flap is a good way to repair the skin and soft tissue defects in the distal finger. The design of the flap needs to be adjusted according to the size and position of the defects. Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation on the status and influencing factors of self perceived burden of patients with chronic wounds　 MAO Beiqian, NI Pengwen, LI Ting, et al 2022, 18 (2):  118.  Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (672KB) ( 220 )   Objective　To investigate the self perceived burden (SPB) and its influencing factors of patients with chronic wounds. Methods　From February 2021 to June 2021, 102 patients with chronic wounds were surveyed by General Data Questionnaire, Self-Perceived Burden Scale (SPBS), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), Chinese version of Powerlessness Assessment Tool (PAT) as well as General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). Single factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were carried out to explore the independent influencing factors of SPB of patients with chronic wounds. Data were processed by SPSS 26.0 statistical software. Results　The mean score of SPBS was 31.37±15.42 at a moderate level. Among the average score of dimensions, the "emotional burden" dimension had the highest score, followed by the "physical burden" and "economic burden" dimensions. Results showed that the confrontation was an independent factor affecting the SPB of patients with chronic wounds, the model was able to explain 22.7% of variance in SPB (R2=0.227, F=5.232, P<0.05). Conclusion　Patients with chronic wounds had moderate SPB. Wound staff should express timely concern about SPB of patients with chronic wounds and encourage patients to face the problems caused by chronic wounds with positive coping mode so as to reduce the SPB level.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of artificial dermis Pelnac in repairing the soft tissue defect after the nail matrix nevus excision in  children　 ZOU Yan, WANG Fei, GUO Xuzhao, et al 2022, 18 (2):  123.  Abstract ( 310 )   PDF (762KB) ( 130 )   Objective　To explore the clinical effect of artificial dermis Pelnac in repairing the soft tissue defect after the nail matrix nevus excision in children. Methods　A total of 18 children with nail matrix nevus admitted from February 2017 to September 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The average width of longitudinal melanonychia was 5.33 mm. The surgical procedures included removing the nail plat to expose the lesion, excising the whole nail unit including the lesion, periosteum was reserved. The artificial dermis Pelnac was implanted on the bare phalanx to repair soft tissue defects. Postoperative follow-up was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy. Results　All the children were followed up for an average of 31.28 months. The pathological results of 18 cases were as follows: junction nevus in 14 cases and compound nevus in 4 cases. The wound area after resection was 0.48-2.40 cm2 with an average of 1.17 cm2. The average operation time was about 40 minutes, natural epithelialization began about 3 weeks after surgery, and complete epithelialization occurred 6-8 weeks after surgery. Postoperatively, sensory score was made according to the trial standard of upper limb function assessment of Hand Surgery Society of Chinese Medical Association: 16 cases of S4 and 2 cases of S3+. The average Vancouver Scar Scale(VSS) score was 1.33 and the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) score was 0. Conclusion　The technique of repairing the soft tissue defect after the nail matrix nevus excision in children by using artificial dermis Pelnac is simple, short in time, low in risk, and will not cause new collateral damage or scar. It has a good clinical effect and is suitable for children's surgery.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of dermatoscopic patterns and characteristics of acquired melanocytic nevus in Chinese Han Population　 ZHANG Yan, YANG Yali, LIU Yang, et al 2022, 18 (2):  127.  Abstract ( 452 )   PDF (966KB) ( 439 )   Objective　To analyze dermatoscopic patterns and characteristics of acquired melanocyte nevus (AMN) in Chinese Han population. Methods　Clinical data and dermatoscopic findings of patients with pathologically confirmed acquired melanocytic nevus from December 2020 to March 2021 were collected, and the correlation between the dermatoscopic pattern and age, diameter, location and pathology was retrospectively analyzed. Results　A total of 1 918 lesions were collected from 1 463 patients, with a male to female ratio of 0.35:1. The age distribution was from 4 to 75 years old, and the 20 to 40 years old group(69.2%) was the largest. The most common dermatoscopic patterns were spherical (37.1%) and pseudoreticular(36.8%).  Pseudoreticular pattern was most common in <20 years old group(41.0%) whereas spherical pattern in ≥20 years old group(P<0.05).  The most lesions were found in 5~9 mm group, and pseudoreticular pattern(36.7%) and spherical pattern (35.8%) were the first two patterns in it. The dermatoscopic pattern was significantly correlated with the site on body surface (P<0.001). The most common pattern was pseudoreticular pattern in head, face and neck (99.3%), spherical pattern in trunk (62.1%), while the cutaneous furrow parallel pattern, fibrillar pattern and grid pattern were only found in limbs and palmoplantar. Intradermal nevus was the most common pathological type, and there were significant differences in the composition ratio of reticular pattern and parallel sulcus pattern among pathological types(P<0.05).  Conclusion　The dermatoscopic pattern of acquired melanocytic nevus has certain correlation with age, diameter and location. Although it cannot correspond with histopathology one by one, it still plays an irreplaceable role in the differentiation of benign and malignant pigmented lesions, and can reduce the probability of unnecessary biopsy or surgical treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy of photoelectric therapy for traumatic scars　 DONG Jiying, WU Shan, WANG Shen, et al 2022, 18 (2):  133.  Abstract ( 247 )   PDF (824KB) ( 142 )   Objective　To evaluate the efficacy and safety of photoelectric therapy for traumatic scars in a Chinese population. Methods　A total of 3 384 patients who underwent photoelectric therapy (2 times or more) from January 2018 to December 2020 were collected. The curative effect was evaluated by VSS value, and the safety and patient satisfaction were evaluated by telephone follow-up. The factors related to the effectiveness of photoelectric therapy were analyzed. Results　The effective rate of photoelectric therapy was 89.27% at 3 months post-treatment. In the course of treatment, the incidence of pain and transient erythema was 11.67%, most of them were mild, and no serious adverse reactions occurred. There was a positive correlation between the effect of photoelectricity therapy and non-tension scars on the face and limbs, early treatment, three or more treatments (P<0.01). The patient satisfaction was 90.83%. Conclusion　The early intervention of photoelectric therapy has definite clinical efficacy and high safety for traumatic scar in Chinese population. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of combined “eight-step method” to reduce neck scar hyperplasia　 QIAO Mengxiang, LI Chengwei, LIU Xianfu, et al（ 2022, 18 (2):  138.  Abstract ( 174 )   PDF (1581KB) ( 94 )   Objective　To explore the clinical value of using a self-initiated margin protection spacer device combined with the “eight-step method” in inhibiting scar hyperplasia during thyroidectomy via the anterior cervical incision approach. Methods　Patients who underwent unilateral thyroid lobectomy with isthmus resection + unilateral VI lymph node dissection via anterior cervical incision from June 2020 to December 2020 were randomly divided into two groups according to random number table method. The observation group was treated with a self-initiated margin protection spacer device combined with “eight-step method” to deal with incision, while the control group was treated with traditional suture method. The first follow-up period was set as 3 to 4 months after surgery, and the second follow-up period was set as 6 to 8 months after surgery. The Vancouver scar scale (VSS) and the Patient and observer scar assessment Scale (POSAS) were used to collect intraoperative and postoperative data of the two groups for statistical analysis. Results　There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, Body mass index (BMI), operation time, number of lymph node dissection in the central area and postoperative complication rate (P>0.05); During the first follow-up period, there were no significant differences in VSS and POSAS scores between the observation group and the control group (P>0.05), while during the second follow-up period, VSS and POSAS scores of the observation group were better than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion　The self-initiated margin protection spacer device can reduce the intraoperative tension and protect the flap for high-tension linear scars formed in the neck; The ”eight-step method” combines various means to intervene as early as possible and inhibit scar hyperplasia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical evaluation of braces in the treatment of congenital multiple hand joint contractures　 YU Qinyuan, WANG Siyuan, ZHONG Rongzhou, et al 2022, 18 (2):  144.  Abstract ( 194 )   PDF (887KB) ( 383 )   Objective　To investigate the classification of congenital multiple arthrocontracture of hand and the clinical effects of brace interventional treatment. Methods　From January 2015 to January 2021, a total of 80 patients with congenital multiple arthrocontracture were enrolled. The patients were divided into 6 categories according to different pathological and anatomical characteristics, and were treated with corresponding braces according to different classification. The range of motion of the active and passive flexion and extension joints of the affected finger was assessed, and the mean follow-up was conducted once every 2 months. Results　The patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months. The overall excellent and good rate was 86.3%. Conclusion　According to the methods classified in this paper, brace interventional therapy for patients with different types of congenital multiple hand arthrocontracture can achieve better therapeutic effects and reduce the occurrence of complications. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of modified load-sharing rip-stop technique under arthroscopy in the surgery of large-scale rotator cuff tear　 JIANG Yuzhi, ZHANG Jue, SHAN Hongjian, et al 2022, 18 (2):  148.  Abstract ( 268 )   PDF (794KB) ( 127 )   Objective　To explore the effect of modified load-sharing rip-stop technique (mLSRS) under arthroscopy in the surgery of large-scale rotator cuff tear. Methods　A retrospective analysis of the data of 76 patients with large-scale rotator cuff laceration admitted to our hospital from September 2018 to September 2020 was conducted. According to different surgical methods, the patients were divided into mLSRS group (observation group, n=37) and suture bridge group (control group, n=39). The shoulder joint function, shoulder joint mobility of patients before and after surgery, the postoperative re-tearing and postoperative complications of two groups were compared. Results　There was no significant difference in ASES score, UCLA score, shoulder mobility, SF-36 score and VAS score between the two groups before surgery(P>0.05); At three months after operation and one year after operation, the ASES score, UCLA score, SF-36 score and shoulder mobility of the two groups were significantly improved compared with preoperatively(P<0.05), the VAS score was significantly lower than that of preoperative(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups in each index; There was no significant difference in the total incidence of complications between the two groups within 1 year after surgery (P>0.05), while the incidence of postoperative tearing in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion　For patients with large-scale rotator cuff tear, both the mLSRS technique and the double-row suture bridge technique under arthroscopy can achieve satisfactory results, and the mLSRS technique can reduce the occurrence of postoperative type Ⅱ re-tear.    Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical comparisons of ERAS and routine interventions for elderly hip arthroplasty　 LI Jianfeng, LI Qiang, HUANG Huan, et al 2022, 18 (2):  154.  Abstract ( 253 )   PDF (405KB) ( 124 )   Objective　To explore the effects of ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) and routine interventions for elderly hip arthroplasty. Methods　From January 2019 to July 2020, 96 elderly patients who underwent elective hip replacement were randomly divided into control group and study group, 48 cases in each group. The control group received the routine interventions, while the study group received ERAS. Intervention outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. Results　The intraoperative blood loss in the study group was less than that in the control group, and the incision healing time and total length of hospitalization were less than that in the control group, with significant differences (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in operation duration between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in pain score and hip function score between the study group and the control group before and 6 months after surgery (P>0.05). However, the pain score at 1 month and 3 months after surgery was lower than that of the control group, and the hip function score was higher than that of the control group, with significant differences (P<0.05). The complication rate in the study group was 6.25%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (29.17%, P<0.05). Conclusion　ERAS can better reduce the pain symptoms and surgical complications, and promote the patient's fast rehabilitation. It is worthy of clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Perioperative nursing care of autologous costal cartilage transplantation for Binder syndrome　 ZHOU Xiaoping, CHEN Ping 2022, 18 (2):  157.  Abstract ( 208 )   PDF (423KB) ( 162 )   Objective　To explore the postoperative nursing of nasal deformity surgery based on autologous cartilage implantation. Methods　Perioperative nursing was performed for patients with Binder syndrome treated with autologous costal cartilage transplantation, including preoperative psychological nursing, special nasal cleaning preparation, postoperative oral nursing and pain nursing, and the main points of clinical nursing were summarized. Results　The patients recovered well postoperatively, satisfied with the surgical effect and smoothly discharged from hospital. Conclusion　Strict observation of dynamic changes of patients' conditions and adequate, standardized and effective nursing are important guarantees for successful operation of such patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of artificial intelligence in Cranial and Maxillofacial Surgery WANG Zhiyan, SONG Tao 2022, 18 (2):  160.  Abstract ( 303 )   PDF (940KB) ( 336 )   Artificial intelligence refers to any device that senses its environment and takes action to maximize its goals. In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence in cranial and maxillofacial surgery has gradually increased. Artificial intelligence has assisted diagnosis and surgical treatment of cranial and maxillofacial related diseases, such as predicting the risk of cleft lip and palate, early diagnosis of deformities syndrome, treatment of facial paralysis, intraoperative blood loss and so on. In this paper, the above aspects were analyzed and evaluated. At the same time, the ethics, safety and other problems of the development of artificial intelligence in the medical industry were also discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of cell damage in the process of 3D printing of “bioactive scaffolds”　 YU Haiyang, ZHAO Hongbin, LIU Chun, et al 2022, 18 (2):  163.  Abstract ( 214 )   PDF (339KB) ( 229 )   　In recent years, 3D printing of "bioactive scaffolds" has become a research hotspot. Although great progress has been made in 3D printing of bioactive scaffolds, in the printing process of bioactive scaffolds, many factors will lead to cell damage or even cell death, mainly including the following reasons: 1) Different printing methods can produce different types of cell damage and damage degrees, such as heat damage, extrusion damage, shear damage and tensile stress damage, etc. 2) Whether there is a coating on the receiving substrate, the thickness of the coating and the type of raw materials, etc. The coating on the receiving substrate can play a dual role of cell culture medium and collision buffer, both of which will have a certain degree of influence on cell damage, and the degree of cell damage directly affects the biological activity of the 3D-printed bioactive scaffold. In this paper, the cell damage in the printing process of bioactive scaffolds was reviewed based on the latest research progress. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in promoting the production of extracellular vesicles of mesenchymal stem cells ZHENG Yi, XU Peng, LIU Kai 2022, 18 (2):  166.  Abstract ( 255 )   PDF (497KB) ( 197 )   Extracellular vesicles (EVs) therapy is a promising clinical therapeutic. Multiple potential risks of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy can be avoided by EVs therapy. However, large amounts of EVs are required for medicinal purposes. The low production of EVs is challenging to meet the demand, and the development of methods to promote the production of EVs is necessary. This review focused on new practices and advances in obtaining EVs in recent years to provide references for EVs therapy in regenerative medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering of lymphatic system DU Fengzhou, LONG Xiao 2022, 18 (2):  171.  Abstract ( 320 )   PDF (616KB) ( 337 )   Currently, damage to the lymphatic system from various causes remains an urgent and difficult clinical problem. The development of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering techniques offered a promising approach for lymphatic system repair. In recent years, the understanding of the physiology of the lymphatic system has gradually deepened, and lymphatic system regenerative medicine exhibits many new important advances, including the application of cytokines, the development of scaffold systems, cell therapy, the construction of tissue engineering lymphatic system. In this paper, the current status and recent progress in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering of lymphatic system were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress on pressure therapy of hypertrophic scar XU Jia, FAN Jiajun, HAN Dong, et al 2022, 18 (2):  176.  Abstract ( 244 )   PDF (441KB) ( 327 )   Hypertrophic scars are common after skin burns and involve the dermis, which can cause pain, itching, erythema and dryness. Scar contractures close to the joints can cause mobility disorders, which seriously affect the patient's appearance, limb function and psychology. Pressure therapy is a first-line treatment for the prevention and suppression of hypertrophic scar, which is characterized by safety, simplicity, low cost, positive efficacy and low recurrence rate. In this paper, the research and application progress of new methods, new techniques and new materials in pressure therapy were reviewed.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the clinical management of neurofibromatosis type I-associated orbital-periorbital plexiform neurofibroma　 Chung Man-Hon, CUI Xiwei, GU Bin, et al 2022, 18 (2):  179.  Abstract ( 250 )   PDF (581KB) ( 213 )   Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by the NF1 gene mutation leading to abnormal regulation of the RAS pathway. Its most representative feature, neurofibroma, may present as an infiltrating plexiform neurofibroma (pNF) that invades the orbital and periorbital tissues. Scientists have therefore proposed a new term called orbital-periorbital plexiform neurofibromas (OPPN) for this type of pNF. The complexity of OPPN poses significant challenges to medical professionals. Existing treatment options include surgical treatment and targeted drug therapy. Surgical intervention can alleviate the patient's condition to a certain extent, but the overall effect remains unsatisfactory. Targeted drug therapy has developed rapidly in recent years, and some drug clinical trials have also shown promising results. In this paper, the mechanism, clinical features and treatment progress of OPPN were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of repair methods for upper lip defec ZHAO Jingjing, WU Di 2022, 18 (2):  183.  Abstract ( 217 )   PDF (487KB) ( 377 )   Lip defect is caused by tumor, trauma, congenital deformity, infection, scar and so on, which not only leads to facial appearance defect, but also causes facial dysfunction, such as eating inconvenience, language disorder, mastication difficulty, salivation and so on, which brings great pain to patients. Due to the existence of lip beads and human medium anatomical structure, and the limited amount of available tissue around the defect of upper lip, it requires high aesthetic requirements and is difficult to repair. In this paper, the surgical treatments of acquired upper lip defect in recent years were reviewed, and the repair plans of different types of upper lip defect were summarized. Related Articles | Metrics