微观史学视阈下翻译史研究新路径——兼评《龙与狮的对话》

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8921.2024.02.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

当前,翻译史研究已有从传统“自上而下”的历史研究方法转自“自下而上”的微观史学视角趋势。翻译史需兼具历史与翻译,二者不可偏颇,皆不可废。马戛尔尼使团于1792年访华,其作为中英官方的第一次正式接触,影响深远。翻译在该活动里的重要角色及带来的沟通问题却鲜为人知,有待彰显。《龙与狮的对话》从翻译史学角度基于大量珍贵档案和新资料抽丝剥茧,对使团全过程中译员背景、国书、敕谕、礼品清单、往来书信等各类文件的翻译和改写进行深入挖掘和分析,展现了翻译在该访华事件乃至近代中国外交活动中的重要性。该书资料丰厚翔实、论述严密,对该使团研究诸多问题提出新见解,弥补了现有研究空白。该书不仅是对马戛尔尼使团访华历史记忆的重审与重构,更是翻译史研究的一次创新性融合,在史料运用、研究视角、研究路径方面破除学科壁垒、互相融合,为近代中国翻译史、中英外交史研究提供了重要参考与典范,提供了一定程度的启示与阐发,有助于推进中国译史研究真正走向纵深。

关键词: 翻译史研究, 微观史学, 《龙与狮的对话》

Abstract:

Currently, research in translation history has seen a shift from traditional “a view from above” methods to “a view from below” microhistorical perspective. Translation history research integrates both history and translation without bias or neglect to either. The Macartney Mission’s visit to China in 1792, marking the first official communication between Chinese and British officials, had profound and far-reaching impacts. Yet, the significant role of translation in this event and the communication issues it presented are little known and deserve recognition. Dialogue between the Dragon and the Lion meticulously unravels the visit from a translation history perspective, drawing on a wealth of precious archives and new materials, showcasing the importance of translation in modern Chinese diplomatic activities. The book is rich in data and rigorous in argumentation, offering new insights into many aspects of the Mission and filling existing research gaps. It not only re-examines and reconstructs the historical memory of the Mission but also represents an innovative integration in translation history research. Breaking disciplinary barriers in terms of source material utilization, research perspectives, and methodologies, the book reflects and integrates with each other, providing significant references and models for modern Chinese translation history and Sino-British diplomatic history research. It offers insights and elucidations that are conducive to advancing the depth of research in Chinese translation history.

Key words: translation history research, microhistory, Dialogue between the Dragon and the Lion

中图分类号:

H315.9

许文胜, 万菊. 微观史学视阈下翻译史研究新路径——兼评《龙与狮的对话》[J]. 当代外语研究, 2024, 24(2): 163-175.

XU Wensheng, WAN Ju. New Pathways in Translation History Research from a Microhistorical Perspective: A Review of Dialogue between the Dragon and the Lion[J]. Contemporary Foreign Languages Studies, 2024, 24(2): 163-175.

图/表 1

参考文献 33

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传统史学	新史学/微观史学
关注政治	全面历史,关注每一项人类活动
认为历史是事件叙述	注重社会结构分析与阐释
自上而下的历史——关注伟人伟绩	自下而上的历史——普通人
以官方文件为基础	口述、视觉材料和统计证据
强调主人公的态度与思想	观照各种社会和文化问题
旨在陈述客观事实	多视角解读各种(主观)声音
由专业历史学家撰写	跨学科学习与合作